Enhanced rate capability of multi-layered ordered porous nickel phosphide film as anode for lithium ion batteries

• Published in: Journal of power sources Vol. 196; no. 1; pp. 379 - 385
• Main Authors: Xiang, J.Y., Wang, X.L., Zhong, J., Zhang, D., Tu, J.P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 2011; Elsevier
• Subjects: Anode; Applied sciences; Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation; Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering; Electrical power engineering; Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells; Electrodeposition; Exact sciences and technology; Lithium ion battery; Lithium-ion batteries; Migration; Multilayers; Nanostructure; Networks; Nickel; Nickel phosphide; Phosphides; Porosity; Porous film; Thin walls; Lithium ion battery; Electrodeposition; Anode; Nickel phosphide; Porous film; Lithium battery; Alkaline storage battery; Secondary cell; Nickel; Porous material
• ISSN: 0378-7753; 1873-2755
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.06.068

Porous nickel phosphide films are fabricated by electrodeposition through self-assembled polystyrene sphere multi-layers as template. After the removal of the template, well-ordered and close-packed spherical pores are left in the films. The thin walls of the adjacent pores make up a three-dimensional network nanostructure in the triple-layer porous Ni 3P film. The as-prepared triple-layer porous film delivers significantly enhanced rate capability over the single- and double-layer ones. After 50 cycles, the capacity of the triple-layer Ni 3P porous film still sustains 557 mAh g −1 and 243 mAh g −1 at a charge–discharge rate of 0.2 C and 5 C (1 C = 388 mA g −1), respectively. According to the analysis of electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS), the improved electrochemical performance of the triple-layer film can be attributed to the fast migration of Li + through surface-passivating layer and the facilitated charge transfer into Ni 3P three-dimensional network nanostructure.