Rich maternal and paternal genetic diversity and divergent lineage composition in wild yak ( Bos mutus )

Wild yak ( ) is a vulnerable bovine species on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). So far, most studies on molecular genetic diversity of wild yak have focused on autosomal and mtDNA variations based on small number of samples. In this study, we analyzed 84 D-loop and 24 whole mitogenome sequences of...

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Published inAnimal biotechnology Vol. 33; no. 6; pp. 1 - 1386
Main Authors Ma, Zhi-Jie, Li, Guang-Zhen, Chen, Sheng-Mei, Han, Jian-Lin, Hanif, Quratulain
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Taylor & Francis Ltd 01.11.2022
Subjects
Bos grunniens mutus
Bos mutus
Composition
Divergence
Genetic diversity
Haplotypes
Mitochondrial DNA
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Resource conservation
Threatened species
lineage composition
genetic diversity
Bos mutus
mtDNA
Y chromosome marker
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Summary:Wild yak ( ) is a vulnerable bovine species on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). So far, most studies on molecular genetic diversity of wild yak have focused on autosomal and mtDNA variations based on small number of samples. In this study, we analyzed 84 D-loop and 24 whole mitogenome sequences of wild yak to further comprehensively explore its maternal genetic diversity and lineage composition. Meanwhile, using six yak Y-specific polymorphic markers (i.e., , , , , and ), we assessed the paternal genetic diversity and lineage composition based on eight wild yak. Our results showed that wild yak exhibited abundant maternal genetic diversity with haplotype diversities of 0.9621 ± 0.0078 and 0.9928 ± 0.0144 in the D-loop and whole mitogenome sequences, respectively. Maternal phylogenetic analysis of wild yak uncovered three defined lineages (mt-I, mt-II and mt-III). Similarly, profuse paternal genetic diversity was observed in wild yak with Y-haplotype diversity (Hd) at 0.8214 ± 0.1007. Two Y-haplogroups (Y1 and Y2) with four Y-haplotypes (yH1-yH4) were identified in paternal phylogenetic analysis, indicating wild yak to be of two paternal lineages. This study of genetic diversity and lineage composition of wild yak would provide useful information for the genetic resource conservation and utilization of this vulnerable wild species.
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ISSN:1049-5398
1532-2378
DOI:10.1080/10495398.2021.1884567