Effects of different types of milk consumption on type 2 diabetes and the mediating effect of AA: A Mendelian randomization study of East Asian populations

• Published in: Journal of dairy science Vol. 108; no. 4; pp. 3135 - 3141
• Main Authors: Xiao, Qing-Ao, Chen, Lin, Li, Xiao-Long, Han, Qiang, Li, Hai-Tao, Zhang, Xiao-Ling
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.04.2025; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Asian People; asparagine; dairy science; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - genetics; East Asian People; East Asian population; Humans; Mendelian randomization; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Milk; milk consumption; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; odds ratio; risk; skim milk; type 2 diabetes; whole milk; milk consumption; type 2 diabetes; Mendelian randomization; East Asian population
• ISSN: 0022-0302; 1525-3198
• DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-26017

There is currently a lack of research examining the association between the consumption of different dairy products and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in East Asian populations. To address this gap, the present study employs Mendelian randomization to investigate the potential effects of 3 different types of milk consumption (including whole milk, semi-skim milk, and skim milk) on the risk of developing T2D. The results indicate that both whole milk and skim milk are associated with an increased risk of T2D (whole milk: odds ratio [OR] = 1.022, 95% CI: 1.001–1.044; skim milk: OR = 1.023, 95% CI: 1.007–1.039). Mediation analysis revealed that asparagine acts as a mediator between skim milk consumption and T2D, with a mediation effect of 0.003 (95% CI: 0.000 to 0.008), accounting for 14.269% of the total effect. The list of standard abbreviations for JDS is available at adsa.org/jds-abbreviations-24. Nonstandard abbreviations are available in the Notes.