Nitration of particle-associated PAHs and their derivatives (nitro-, oxy-, and hydroxy-PAHs) with NO₃ radicals

• Published in: Atmospheric environment (1994) Vol. 45; no. 15; pp. 2515 - 2521
• Main Authors: Zhang, Yang, Yang, Bo, Gan, Jie, Liu, Changgeng, Shu, Xi, Shu, Jinian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2011; Elsevier
• Subjects: Aerosols; anthracenes; anthraquinones; Applied sciences; atmospheric chemistry; Atmospheric pollution; containers; Derivatives; Exact sciences and technology; free radicals; gas chromatography; mass spectrometry; Nitration; Oxygenated; Pollution; Polyallylamine hydrochloride; Pyrenes; Radicals; Reaction products; NO; Anthracene; Hydrocarbon; radicals; Reaction product; Nitrogen compounds; Nitrates; Organic anhydride; Polycyclic aromatic compound; Mutagen; Ketone; Real time system; Persistent organic pollutant; Carcinogen; Pyrene; Aerosols; Air pollution; PAHs; Aerosol mass spectrometry; Reactor; Mass spectrometry; Organic compounds; Heterogeneous reaction; Successive reaction
• ISSN: 1352-2310
• DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.034

The heterogeneous reactions of typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives (nitro-, oxy-, and hydroxy-PAHs) adsorbed on azelaic acid particles with NO₃ radicals are investigated using a flow-tube reactor coupled to a vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (VUV-ATOFMS). The mono-nitro-, di-nitro-, and poly-nitro-products from successive nitro-substitution reactions of PAHs and their derivatives are observed in real time with VUV-ATOFMS. 9-Nitroanthracene, anthraquinone, anthrone, 9,10-dinitroanthracene, 2-, 4-, and 9-nitrophenanthrene, 1-nitropyrene, 1,3-, 1,6-, and 1,8-dinitropyrene, 7-nitrobenzo[a]anthracene, and benzo[a]anthracene-7,12-dione are identified by GC/MS analysis of the reaction products of PAHs and their derivatives coated on the inner bottom surface of the conical flasks with NO₃ radicals. Other oxygenated products are tentatively assigned. 1-Nitropyrene is the only mono-nitrated product detected in the reaction of surface-bound pyrene with gas-phase NO₃ radicals. This phenomenon is different from what has been observed in previous studies of the gas-phase pyrene nitration, showing that 2-nitropyrene is the sole nitration product. The experimental results may reveal the discrepancies between the heterogeneous and homogeneous nitrations of pyrene.