Pharmacokinetic and toxicological aspects of the medication of beef-type calves with an oral formulation of chloramphenicol palmitate

Chloramphenicol (CAP) plasma levels were determined after oral administration of four doses of CAP palmitate (each dose corresponding to CAP 25 mg/kg/12 h) to four ruminating beef-type calves. Steady-state plasma concentrations of CAP were reached after the fourth oral dose and varied between 5 and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics Vol. 17; no. 4; p. 279
Main Authors Gassner, B, Wuethrich, A
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England 01.08.1994
Subjects
Administration, Oral
Animals
Cattle - metabolism
Chloramphenicol - analogs & derivatives
Chloramphenicol - blood
Chloramphenicol - pharmacokinetics
Chloramphenicol - toxicity
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - veterinary
Drug Residues - analysis
Drug Tolerance
Female
Half-Life
Meat
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Summary:Chloramphenicol (CAP) plasma levels were determined after oral administration of four doses of CAP palmitate (each dose corresponding to CAP 25 mg/kg/12 h) to four ruminating beef-type calves. Steady-state plasma concentrations of CAP were reached after the fourth oral dose and varied between 5 and 6 micrograms/ml. Half-life of elimination of CAP was 4.5 h. In addition to CAP, dehydrochloramphenicol (DH-CAP), a metabolite of chloramphenicol, was detected in plasma at concentrations between 3 and 7 ng/ml. DH-CAP is known to be produced from CAP by intestinal bacteria. This is significant since DH-CAP is suspected of being involved in the development of fatal aplastic anaemia, which occurs in man after exposure to CAP. Thus, it cannot be excluded that DH-CAP residues may occur in edible tissues. A risk arising from DH-CAP can neither be excluded for the animals being treated with CAP nor for consumers.
ISSN:0140-7783
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1994.tb00246.x