The epithelin precursor encodes two proteins with opposing activities on epithelial cell growth
Epithelin 1 and 2 were originally purified from rat kidneys based on their ability to inhibit the growth of A-431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells (Shoyab, M., McDonald, V.L., Byles, C., Todaro, G.J., and Plowman, G.D. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87, 7912-7916). This study presents the comp...
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Published in | The Journal of biological chemistry Vol. 267; no. 18; pp. 13073 - 13078 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Bethesda, MD
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
25.06.1992
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Epithelin 1 and 2 were originally purified from rat kidneys based on their ability to inhibit the growth of A-431 human epidermoid
carcinoma cells (Shoyab, M., McDonald, V.L., Byles, C., Todaro, G.J., and Plowman, G.D. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
87, 7912-7916). This study presents the complete amino acid sequence of these two growth factors and the cloning of their
cDNA from rat, mouse, and human sources. Epithelins 1 and 2 are 56- and 57-amino acid polypeptides, respectively, and share
47% amino acid sequence identity with the conserved spacing of 12 cysteine residues. Molecular cloning revealed that both
proteins are encoded by a single precursor that contains 7 1/2 copies of this novel 12-cysteine motif, 2 of which represent
the known active molecules. Recombinant expression in COS cells demonstrated that the epithelin 1 protein was mitogenic on
rodent keratinocytes and fibroblasts. In contrast, epithelin 2 had no activity on these cells, but at high concentrations
was capable of antagonizing the growth proliferative activities of epithelin 1. Northern analysis shows the epithelin mRNA
to be expressed in many types of epithelial cells. The broad expression profile of epithelin transcripts, along with the opposing
activities of the two mature protein products, implicates these factors as natural mediators of epithelial homeostasis. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0021-9258 1083-351X |
DOI: | 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)42382-4 |