Childhood asthma and smoking exposures before conception—A three‐generational cohort study
Background Some human and animal studies have recently shown that maternal grandmother's smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of asthma in the grandchildren. We have investigated whether sex of the exposed parent and/or grandchild modifies the association between grandmaternal smoking an...
Saved in:
Published in | Pediatric allergy and immunology Vol. 29; no. 4; pp. 361 - 368 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
01.06.2018
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Summary: | Background
Some human and animal studies have recently shown that maternal grandmother's smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of asthma in the grandchildren. We have investigated whether sex of the exposed parent and/or grandchild modifies the association between grandmaternal smoking and grandchild asthma.
Methods
We formed a cohort study based on linkage of national registries with prospectively collected data over three generations. Smoking habits in early pregnancy were registered since 1982 and purchases of prescribed medication since 2005. In all, 10 329 children born since 2005 had information on maternal and grandmaternal smoking on both sides and were followed from birth up to 6 years of age. Ages when medication was purchased were used to classify the cohort into never, early transient (0‐3 years), early persistent (0‐3 and 4‐6 years), and late‐onset (4‐6 years) phenotypes of childhood asthma.
Results
Maternal grandmother's smoking was associated with an increased odds of early persistent asthma after adjustment for maternal smoking and other confounders (odds ratio 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.10‐1.51). Grandchild sex did not modify the association. Paternal grandmother's smoking was not associated with any of the asthma phenotypes.
Conclusion
Maternal but not paternal exposure to nicotine before conception was related to an increased risk of early persistent childhood asthma, but not other asthma phenotypes. Our findings are possibly consistent with a sex‐specific mode of epigenetic transfer. |
---|---|
Bibliography: | Funding information Edited by Ömer Kalayci This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not‐for‐profit sectors. C Lodge, A Lowe, and S Dharmage report receiving National Health and Medical Research Council funds during the study period. ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Undefined-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0905-6157 1399-3038 1399-3038 |
DOI: | 10.1111/pai.12883 |