A mathematical approach for studying the fractal-fractional hybrid Mittag-Leffler model of malaria under some control factors

• Published in: AIMS mathematics Vol. 8; no. 2; pp. 3120 - 3162
• Main Authors: Rezapour, Shahram, Etemad, Sina, Asamoah, Joshua Kiddy K., Ahmad, Hijaz, Nonlaopon, Kamsing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: AIMS Press 2023
• Subjects: fixed point; fractal-fractional hybrid operator; malaria; newton polynomial; stability
• ISSN: 2473-6988; 2473-6988
• DOI: 10.3934/math.2023161

Malaria disease, which is of parasitic origin, has always been one of the challenges for human societies in areas with poor sanitation. The lack of proper distribution of drugs and lack of awareness of people in such environments cause us to see many deaths every year, especially in children under the age of five. Due to the importance of this issue, in this paper, a new five-compartmental $ (c_1, c_2) $-fractal-fractional $ \mathcal{SIR} $-$ \mathcal{SI} $-model of malaria disease for humans and mosquitoes is presented. We use the generalized Mittag-Leffler fractal-fractional derivatives to design such a mathematical model. In different ways, we study all theoretical aspects of solutions such as the existence, uniqueness and stability. A Newton polynomial that works in fractal-fractional settings is shown, which allows us to get some numerical trajectories. From the trajectories, we saw that an increase in antimalarial treatment in consideration to memory effects reduces the peak of sick individuals, and mosquito insecticide spraying minimizes the disease burden in all compartments.