Optimal operation of photovoltaic/battery/diesel/cold-ironing hybrid energy system for maritime application

Due to emission regulations, the ship is sometimes restricted or even prohibited to use diesel when berthing in port, and the shore power (called the “cold-ironing”) takes part as power supplier. For a green ship with onboard photovoltaic (PV) systems, energy management for maritime PV/battery/diese...

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Published inEnergy (Oxford) Vol. 162; pp. 697 - 714
Main Authors Tang, Ruoli, Wu, Zhou, Li, Xin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2018
Elsevier BV
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Abstract Due to emission regulations, the ship is sometimes restricted or even prohibited to use diesel when berthing in port, and the shore power (called the “cold-ironing”) takes part as power supplier. For a green ship with onboard photovoltaic (PV) systems, energy management for maritime PV/battery/diesel/cold-ironing hybrid energy system (HES) can significantly reduce the electricity cost of a ship. In this paper, the optimal operation of HES on a ship is modelled as an optimization problem subject to a number of constraints, including emission regulations of ports. Optimal control and model predictive control (MPC) methods are developed to dispatch the power flow when the ship is in port. Finally, the proposed approaches are tested by simulation experiments for different cases of cold-ironing service prices and emission regulations. Experimental results show that the optimal operation of maritime HES can bring promising electricity cost savings and robustness. •Schematic of maritime hybrid energy system with cold-ironing connection.•Energy management model of maritime hybrid energy system.•Optimal power flow dispatching methods based on model predictive control.
AbstractList Due to emission regulations, the ship is sometimes restricted or even prohibited to use diesel when berthing in port, and the shore power (called the “cold-ironing”) takes part as power supplier. For a green ship with onboard photovoltaic (PV) systems, energy management for maritime PV/battery/diesel/cold-ironing hybrid energy system (HES) can significantly reduce the electricity cost of a ship. In this paper, the optimal operation of HES on a ship is modelled as an optimization problem subject to a number of constraints, including emission regulations of ports. Optimal control and model predictive control (MPC) methods are developed to dispatch the power flow when the ship is in port. Finally, the proposed approaches are tested by simulation experiments for different cases of cold-ironing service prices and emission regulations. Experimental results show that the optimal operation of maritime HES can bring promising electricity cost savings and robustness.
Due to emission regulations, the ship is sometimes restricted or even prohibited to use diesel when berthing in port, and the shore power (called the “cold-ironing”) takes part as power supplier. For a green ship with onboard photovoltaic (PV) systems, energy management for maritime PV/battery/diesel/cold-ironing hybrid energy system (HES) can significantly reduce the electricity cost of a ship. In this paper, the optimal operation of HES on a ship is modelled as an optimization problem subject to a number of constraints, including emission regulations of ports. Optimal control and model predictive control (MPC) methods are developed to dispatch the power flow when the ship is in port. Finally, the proposed approaches are tested by simulation experiments for different cases of cold-ironing service prices and emission regulations. Experimental results show that the optimal operation of maritime HES can bring promising electricity cost savings and robustness. •Schematic of maritime hybrid energy system with cold-ironing connection.•Energy management model of maritime hybrid energy system.•Optimal power flow dispatching methods based on model predictive control.
Author Tang, Ruoli
Li, Xin
Wu, Zhou
Author_xml – sequence: 1
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  organization: School of Energy and Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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  surname: Wu
  fullname: Wu, Zhou
  email: wuzhsky@gmail.com
  organization: Key Laboratory of Complex System Safety and Control (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, China
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Xin
  surname: Li
  fullname: Li, Xin
  organization: School of Energy and Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Keywords Model predictive control
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Snippet Due to emission regulations, the ship is sometimes restricted or even prohibited to use diesel when berthing in port, and the shore power (called the...
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SubjectTerms Alternative energy sources
Batteries
Berthing
Clean energy
Computer simulation
Control methods
cost effectiveness
Diesel
Diesel fuels
Drawing and ironing
Electricity
electricity costs
Electricity pricing
Emissions
Energy
Energy management
Environmental regulations
Hybrid energy system
Hybrid systems
Maritime industry
Maritime photovoltaic system
Model predictive control
Onboard equipment
Optimal control
Photovoltaic cells
Photovoltaics
Power flow
Predictive control
prices
Regulations
Solar cells
Solar energy
system optimization
Title Optimal operation of photovoltaic/battery/diesel/cold-ironing hybrid energy system for maritime application
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.08.048
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