Development and in vitro evaluation of κ-carrageenan based polymeric hybrid nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

• Published in: RSC advances Vol. 10; no. 66; pp. 40529 - 40542
• Main Authors: Aslam Khan, Muhammad Umar, Raza, Mohsin Ali, Mehboob, Hassan, Abdul Kadir, Mohammed Rafiq, Abd Razak, Saiful Izwan, Shah, Saqlain A, Iqbal, Muhammad Zahir, Amin, Rashid
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Royal Society of Chemistry 06.11.2020; The Royal Society of Chemistry
• Subjects: Biocompatibility; Biodegradation; Biomedical materials; Carrageenan; Cell adhesion; Chemical composition; Chemistry; Compressive strength; Contact angle; Fourier transforms; Free radical polymerization; Functional groups; Graphene; Hydroxyapatite; Mechanical properties; Modulus of elasticity; Morphology; Nanocomposites; Optical density; Pore size; Porosity; Regeneration (physiology); Scaffolds; Scanning electron microscopy; Swelling; Tissue engineering
• ISSN: 2046-2069; 2046-2069
• DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07446b

The excellent biocompatible and osteogenesis characteristics of porous scaffolds play a vital role in bone regeneration. In this study, we have synthesized polymeric hybrid nanocomposites free-radical polymerization from carrageenan/acrylic-acid/graphene/hydroxyapatite. Porous hybrid nanocomposite scaffolds were fabricated through a freeze-drying method to mimic the structural and chemical composition of natural bone. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water contact-angle studies were carried-out for functional groups, surface morphology and hydrophilicity of the materials, followed by biodegradation and swelling analysis. The cell viability, cell culture and proliferation were evaluated against mouse pre-osteoblast ( ) cell lines using neutral red dye assay. The cell adherence and proliferation studies were determined by SEM. Physical characterization including optimum porosity and pore size (49.75% and 0.41 × 10 μm ), mechanical properties (compression strength 8.87 MPa and elastic modulus 442.63 MPa), swelling (70.20% at 27 °C and 77.21% at 37 °C) and biodegradation (23.8%) were performed. The results indicated CG- -AAc-3 with a high optical density and better cell viability. Hence, CG- -AAc-3 was found to be more efficient for bone regeneration with potential applications in fractured bone regeneration.