Enhancing the activation of persulfate using nitrogen-doped carbon materials in the electric field for the effective removal of p -nitrophenol

Degradation of nonbiodegradable organic compounds into harmless substances is one of the main challenges in environmental protection. Electrically-activated persulfate process has served as an efficient advanced oxidation process (AOP) to degrade organic compounds. In this study, we synthesized thre...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inRSC advances Vol. 11; no. 60; pp. 38003 - 38015
Main Authors Tang, Mengdi, Zhang, Yonggang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Royal Society of Chemistry 25.11.2021
The Royal Society of Chemistry
Subjects
Activated carbon
Chemistry
Contaminants
Electric fields
Electron paramagnetic resonance
Electron spin
Environmental protection
Free radicals
Graphene
Hydroxyl radicals
Nitrogen
Nitrophenol
Organic compounds
Oxidation
Performance degradation
Pollutants
Raman spectroscopy
Singlet oxygen
Spectrum analysis
Spin resonance
Wastewater treatment
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

More Information
Summary:Degradation of nonbiodegradable organic compounds into harmless substances is one of the main challenges in environmental protection. Electrically-activated persulfate process has served as an efficient advanced oxidation process (AOP) to degrade organic compounds. In this study, we synthesized three nitrogen-doped carbon materials, namely, nitrogen-doped activated carbon plus graphene (NC), and nitrogen-doped activated carbon (NAC), nitrogen-doped graphene (NGE), and three nitrogen-doped carbon material-graphite felt (GF) cathodes. The three nitrogen-doped carbon materials (NC, NGE, NAC) were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray electron spectroscopy, and nitrogen desorption-adsorption. The electron spin resonance technique was used to identify the presence of hydroxyl radicals (˙OH), sulfate radicals (SO ˙ ) and singlet oxygen ( O ) species. The results showed that NC was more conducive for the production of free radicals. In addition, we applied NC-GF to an electro-activated persulfate system with the degradation of -nitrophenol and investigated its performance for contaminant degradation under different conditions. In general, the nitrogen-doped carbon electrode electro-activated persulfate process is a promising way to treat organic pollutants in wastewater.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:2046-2069
2046-2069
DOI:10.1039/d1ra06691a