Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins from hypertriglyceridemic subjects induce a pro-inflammatory response in the endothelium: Molecular mechanisms and gene expression studies

• Published in: Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology Vol. 40; no. 4; pp. 484 - 494
• Main Authors: Norata, G.D., Grigore, L., Raselli, S., Seccomandi, P.M., Hamsten, A., Maggi, F.M., Eriksson, P., Catapano, A.L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2006
• Subjects: Adult; Cells, Cultured; Endothelial Cells - metabolism; Endothelial Cells - pathology; Endothelial function; Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism; Endothelium, Vascular - pathology; Gene expression; Gene Expression Profiling - methods; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; Humans; Hyperuricemia - metabolism; Hyperuricemia - pathology; Lipoproteins; Lipoproteins - metabolism; Lipoproteins - pharmacology; Male; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Middle Aged; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis - methods; Signal transduction; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Triglycerides - metabolism; Triglycerides - pharmacology; Signal transduction; Lipoproteins; Endothelial function; Gene expression
• ISSN: 0022-2828; 1095-8584
• DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2006.01.022

Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLs) are a cardiovascular risk factor and induce endothelial dysfunction. In the present study we investigated the effects of TGRLs from type IV hyperlipidemic and normolipidemic subjects on endothelial activation focusing on the effects on intracellular pathways and gene expression. A total of 54 subjects, 30 hypertriglyceridemic (triglyceride (TG) levels 284 ± 101 mg/dl) and 23 normotriglyceridemic (TG levels 109 ± 40 mg/dl) were enrolled as lipoprotein donors. TGRLs were isolated from hypertriglyceridemic (H-TGRL) and normotriglyceridemic (N-TGRL) subjects. RNA from human endothelial cells incubated with N-TGRL or H-TGRL was prepared for cDNA microarray analyses. Western blotting was used to study intracellular signaling pathways. Regulated genes were further studied with real-time PCR, immunofluorescence and FACS. Furthermore, a protein/DNA array and chromatin-immunoprecipitation were used to identify transcription factors involved in the observed effects. Both N-TGRL and H-TGRL activated ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK. However, there were differences in the pattern of upregulated target genes between the two types of lipoproteins in HUVECs and/or HAECs: PAI-1, VCAM-1, ELAM-1 and MCP-1 were upregulated by both N-TGRL and H-TGRL, while PECAM-1, IL-6 and ADAMTs1 were selectively upregulated by H-TGRL. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated the involvement of transcription factors NF-kB and CREB in the activation of these genes. These results support the possible involvement of hypertriglyceridemic TGRLs in endothelial dysfunction via induction of a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic state.