Nonclassical T cells and their antigens in tuberculosis

T cells that recognize nonpeptidic antigens, and thereby are identified as nonclassical, represent important yet poorly characterized effectors of the immune response. They are present in large numbers in circulating blood and tissues and are as abundant as T cells recognizing peptide antigens. Nonc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine Vol. 4; no. 9; p. a018473
Main Authors De Libero, Gennaro, Singhal, Amit, Lepore, Marco, Mori, Lucia
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 01.09.2014
Subjects
Antigen Presentation - immunology
Antigens - immunology
Humans
Immunity, Cellular
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Tuberculosis - immunology
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Summary:T cells that recognize nonpeptidic antigens, and thereby are identified as nonclassical, represent important yet poorly characterized effectors of the immune response. They are present in large numbers in circulating blood and tissues and are as abundant as T cells recognizing peptide antigens. Nonclassical T cells exert multiple functions including immunoregulation, tumor control, and protection against infections. They recognize complexes of nonpeptidic antigens such as lipid and glycolipid molecules, vitamin B2 precursors, and phosphorylated metabolites of the mevalonate pathway. Each of these antigens is presented by antigen-presenting molecules other than major histocompatibility complex (MHC), including CD1, MHC class I-related molecule 1 (MR1), and butyrophilin 3A1 (BTN3A1) molecules. Here, we discuss how nonclassical T cells participate in the recognition of mycobacterial antigens and in the mycobacterial-specific immune response.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
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ISSN:2157-1422
2472-5412
DOI:10.1101/cshperspect.a018473