A New Protocol to Mitigate Damage to Germination Caused by Black Layers in Maize (Zea mays L.) Seeds

Maize seeds harvested in the field have higher vitality than those harvested in greenhouses but have higher contamination rates in terms of fungal or bacterial infection. It is important to disinfect maize seeds before sowing because seeds are a source of infection and damage crop production. In thi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAgriculture (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 11; p. 2147
Main Authors Hong, Joon Ki, Baek, Jeongho, Park, Sang Ryeol, Lee, Gang Seob, Suh, Eun Jung
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.11.2023
Subjects
Antiseptics
Bacteria
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial infections
Bleaches
Contamination
Corn
Crop damage
Crop production
Damage
Disinfectants
Disinfection & disinfectants
Efficiency
Ethanol
field-harvested
Fungi
Germination
Harvesting
Health aspects
Infection
Inversion
maize seed
Microorganisms
Pathogens
Physiology
Plant growth
Plant reproduction
Rain
seed sterilization
Seeds
Sodium hypochlorite
Sterilization
South Korea
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Summary:Maize seeds harvested in the field have higher vitality than those harvested in greenhouses but have higher contamination rates in terms of fungal or bacterial infection. It is important to disinfect maize seeds before sowing because seeds are a source of infection and damage crop production. In this study, we aimed to provide an efficient seed sterilization method to manage fungal or bacterial infections of field-harvested maize seeds. The optimized sterilization protocol was set up according to the disinfectant liquid immersion time, inverting RPM (rotations per minute), number of seeds, and black layer removal. We put 20 grains of maize seeds in 100% commercial bleach disinfectant containing 4–5% NaClO and performed 20 min of inversion at 45 RPM. After standing without inverting for the next 25 min in the sterile hood, inversion at 45 RPM for another 40 min was performed. By using this protocol, microorganisms occurred at a low rate with an average of 11.7%. Moreover, it was shown that microorganisms occurred at the lowest rate (average of 0.29% of seeds) when the black layer was removed. In addition, this sterilization method did not affect the growth and development of maize plants. These results revealed that black layer removal from maize seeds is a highly efficient, easy, and inexpensive sterilization method and can be used for seeds of various maize lines.
ISSN:2077-0472
2077-0472
DOI:10.3390/agriculture13112147