Inhibition of the pro-inflammatory mediators’ production and anti-inflammatory effect of the iridoid scrovalentinoside

• Published in: Journal of ethnopharmacology Vol. 110; no. 3; pp. 419 - 427
• Main Authors: Bas, Esperanza, Recio, M. Carmen, Abdallah, Mohamed, Máñez, Salvador, Giner, Rosa M., Cerdá-Nicolás, Miguel, Ríos, José-Luis
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 04.04.2007; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-inflammatory activity; anti-inflammatory agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Biological and medical sciences; Blotting, Western; Cell Cycle - drug effects; Cell Cycle - immunology; Cell Proliferation; chemical constituents of plants; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; edema; Edema - chemically induced; Edema - drug therapy; Female; General pharmacology; Glycosides - pharmacology; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Delayed - chemically induced; Hypersensitivity, Delayed - drug therapy; Hypersensitivity, Delayed - immunology; Inflammation Mediators - metabolism; Iridoid Glycosides; Iridoids; Iridoids - pharmacology; Leukotriene B 4; Macrophages - metabolism; Medical sciences; medicinal plants; medicinal properties; Mice; Nitric oxide; Nitric oxide synthase; Oxazolone; Pharmacognosy. Homeopathy. Health food; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Phytohemagglutinins; plant extracts; Plant Preparations - chemistry; Plant Preparations - pharmacology; Plants, Medicinal; Rats; Receptors, Glucocorticoid - drug effects; Receptors, Glucocorticoid - immunology; Scrophularia; Scrophularia - chemistry; Scrophularia auriculata; Scrophularia auriculata ssp. pseudoauriculata; Scrovalentinoside; T-Lymphocytes - drug effects; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; NO; IC 50; COX-2; fMLP; SRBC; Scrophularia auriculata; LT; PHA; MTT; LPS; IFN; NF-κB; FITC; Leukotriene B 4; Iridoids; BOC; iNOS; Nitric oxide synthase; HPLC; PBS; Scrovalentinoside; IL; Cytokines; EDTA; NMR; LOX; TNF-α; Nitric oxide; PG; DTH; Anti-inflammatory activity; HBSS; Iridoid; Lipids; Medicinal plant; Eicosanoid; Terpenoid; Enzyme; Pharmacognosy; Arachidonic acid derivatives; Antiinflammatory agent; Cytokine; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Inflammation; Nitric-oxide synthase; Leukotriene B4; Plant origin; Unsaturated fatty acid; Monoterpene; Oxidoreductases
• ISSN: 0378-8741; 1872-7573
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.09.038

We have studied scrovalentinoside, an iridoid with anti-inflammatory properties isolated from Scrophularia auriculata ssp. pseudoauriculata, as an anti-inflammatory agent in different experimental models of delayed-type hypersensitivity. We found that scrovalentinoside reduced the edema induced by oxazolone at 0.5 mg/ear and sheep red blood cells at 10 mg/kg. The observed effect occurred during the last phase or inflammatory response; during the earlier phase or induction of the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, no significant activity was noted. Thus, scrovalentinoside reduced both the edema and cell infiltration in vivo and reduced lymphocyte proliferation in vitro, affecting the cycle principally during the first 48 h. Whereas cells stimulated with phytohemagglutinin changed from the G 0/G 1 phase to the S and G 2/M phases, when these same cells were treated with scrovalentinoside (100 μM), they remained in the G 0/G 1 phase. Finally, scrovalentinoside inhibited the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators’ TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, LTB 4, and NO, but had no effect on the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.