Polyphenols rich fraction from Geoffroea decorticans fruits flour affects key enzymes involved in metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress and inflammatory process

• Published in: Food chemistry Vol. 190; pp. 392 - 402
• Main Authors: Costamagna, M.S., Zampini, I.C., Alberto, M.R., Cuello, S., Torres, S., Pérez, J., Quispe, C., Schmeda-Hirschmann, G., Isla, M.I.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2016
• Subjects: alpha-Amylases - antagonists & inhibitors; Anti-inflammatory activity; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Antioxidant activity; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Chañar flour; Fabaceae - chemistry; Flour; Fruit - chemistry; Genotoxicity; Geoffroea decorticans; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors - pharmacology; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - pharmacology; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - drug therapy; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Polyphenolic compounds; Polyphenols - pharmacology; Chañar flour; Antioxidant activity; Genotoxicity; Polyphenolic compounds; Geoffroea decorticans; Anti-inflammatory activity; Metabolic syndrome
• ISSN: 0308-8146; 1873-7072
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.068

•The Geoffroea decorticans fruits (chañar) are consumed in Argentina as flour, arrope or beverage.•39 phenolic compounds were tentatively identified in the polyphenolic extract of chañar flour.•Polyphenols from chañar fruits flour affects enzymes involved in metabolic syndrome.•Polyphenols from chañar fruits flour exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.•Chañar flour could be used as functional food alone or combined with other flours. Geoffroea decorticans (chañar), is widely distributed throughout Northwestern Argentina. Its fruit is consumed as flour, arrope or hydroalcoholic beverage. The chañar fruits flour was obtained and 39 phenolic compounds were tentatively identified by HPLC-MS/MSn. The compounds comprised caffeic acid glycosides, simple phenolics (protocatechuic acid and vanillic acid), a glycoside of vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid and its phenethyl ester as well as free and glycosylated flavonoids. The polyphenols enriched extract with and without gastroduodenal digestion inhibited enzymes associated with metabolic syndrome, including α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase and hydroxyl methyl glutaryl CoA reductase. The polyphenolic extract exhibited antioxidant activity by different mechanisms and inhibited the pro-inflammatory enzymes (ciclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and phospholipase A2). The polyphenolic extract did not showed mutagenic effect by Ames test against Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains. These findings add evidence that chañar fruit flour may be considered a functional food with preventive properties against diseases associated with oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators and metabolic syndrome.