Extraction and characterization of low molecular weight bioactive carbohydrates from mung bean (Vigna radiata)

• Published in: Food chemistry Vol. 266; pp. 146 - 154
• Main Authors: Carrero-Carralero, Cipriano, Mansukhani, Drashti, Ruiz-Matute, Ana Isabel, Martínez-Castro, Isabel, Ramos, Lourdes, Sanz, María Luz
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 15.11.2018
• Subjects: Carbohydrates - analysis; Carbohydrates - isolation & purification; Cyclitols; Fabaceae - metabolism; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS); Glycosyl-inositols; Glycosyl-methyl-inositols; Inositol - analysis; Inositol - isolation & purification; Methyl-scyllo-inositol; Microwave assisted extraction; Microwaves; Molecular Weight; Mung bean (Vigna radiata); Oligosaccharides - analysis; Oligosaccharides - isolation & purification; Plant Extracts - metabolism; Solid liquid extraction; Vigna - metabolism; Methyl-scyllo-inositol; Mung bean (Vigna radiata); Glycosyl-methyl-inositols; Cyclitols; Glycosyl-inositols; Microwave assisted extraction; Solid liquid extraction; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS)
• ISSN: 0308-8146; 1873-7072
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.05.114

•An exhaustive characterization of bioactive LMWC in mung bean was carried out.•Several cyclitol glycosides were detected for the first time in mung bean.•Bioactive carbohydrates were successfully extracted by MAE.•MAE was an efficient and a faster alternative than SLE to extract bioactive LMWC. Due to the great interest in obtaining natural bioactive carbohydrates to be used as functional ingredients, a selective microwave assisted extraction (MAE) method was optimized to ensure the exhaustive extraction of inositols and α-galactooligosaccharides (α-GOS) from mung bean. Thereafter, a comprehensive characterization of these compounds was carried out by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Apart from free inositols and α-GOS, several glycosyl-methyl-scyllo-inositols and glycosyl-inositols were detected for the first time in this legume. Under optimized MAE conditions (0.5 g dry sample, 2 cycles of 3 min, 50 °C, 10 mL 50:50 ethanol:water, v:v), bioactive carbohydrates yields were similar to those found using solid–liquid extraction (SLE), but with shorter analytical times. Concentrations of bioactive carbohydrates in MAE extracts from samples of different geographical origins ranged between 74.1 and 104.2 mg.g−1 dry sample. MAE was proved a good alternative to SLE to obtain extracts enriched in bioactive carbohydrates.