Economic screening of renewable energy technologies: Incineration, anaerobic digestion, and biodiesel as applied to waste water scum

• Published in: Bioresource technology Vol. 222; pp. 202 - 209
• Main Authors: Anderson, Erik, Addy, Min, Ma, Huan, Chen, Paul, Ruan, Roger
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2016
• Subjects: Anaerobic digestion; Biodiesel; Biofuels - analysis; Biofuels - economics; Economics; Energy-Generating Resources - economics; Incineration; Incineration - economics; Incineration - methods; Scum; Solid Waste - analysis; Solid Waste - economics; Waste Water - economics; Waste Water - microbiology; Wastewater treatment; Economics; Incineration; Biodiesel; Wastewater treatment; Anaerobic digestion; Scum
• ISSN: 0960-8524; 1873-2976
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.076

•Fast economic screening of anaerobic digestion, incineration and biodiesel.•Waste water scum used as model substrate for each renewable energy technology.•Energy and economic potentials estimated using current research and market data.•Production volumes relative to a large wastewater treatment facility in the U.S.•Biodiesel from scum achieved the highest economic potential as a transportation fuel. In the U.S., the total amount of municipal solid waste is continuously rising each year. Millions of tons of solid waste and scum are produced annually that require safe and environmentally sound disposal. The availability of a zero-cost energy source like municipal waste scum is ideal for several types of renewable energy technologies. However, the way the energy is produced, distributed and valued also contributes to the overall process sustainability. An economic screening method was developed to compare the potential energy and economic value of three waste-to-energy technologies; incineration, anaerobic digestion, and biodiesel. A St. Paul, MN wastewater treatment facility producing 3175 “wet” kilograms of scum per day was used as a basis of the comparison. After applying all theoretically available subsidies, scum to biodiesel was shown to have the greatest economic potential, valued between $491,949 and $610,624/year. The incineration of scum yielded the greatest reclaimed energy potential at 29billion kilojoules/year.