Gold nanoparticles based solid‐phase microextraction coatings for determining organochlorine pesticides in aqueous environmental samples

• Published in: Journal of separation science Vol. 40; no. 9; pp. 2009 - 2021
• Main Authors: Gutiérrez‐Serpa, Adrián, Rocío‐Bautista, Priscilla, Pino, Verónica, Jiménez‐Moreno, Francisco, Jiménez‐Abizanda, Ana I.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.05.2017
• Subjects: Acids; Acrylic resins; Beta decay; Coatings; Electron capture; environmental water analysis; Extraction processes; Gallic acid; Gas chromatography; Gold; gold nanoparticles; Hydrogen peroxide; Nanoparticles; organochlorine pesticides; Partitions; PCB; Pesticides; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Room temperature; Sodium citrate; Solid phases; solid‐phase microextraction; Thickness; organochlorine pesticides; solid-phase microextraction; gold nanoparticles; environmental water analysis
• ISSN: 1615-9306; 1615-9314
• DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700046

The use of solid‐phase microextraction coatings based on gold nanoparticles was investigated, focusing the attention on the preparation of nanoparticles with nonclassical reduction agents of HAuCl4 such as gallic acid and H2O2, rather than the conventional sodium citrate. All nanoparticles were characterized by diode array spectroscopy, whereas novel nanoparticles prepared with gallic acid and H2O2 were also characterized by microscopic techniques. Solid‐phase microextraction coatings were prepared with a layer‐by‐layer approach. Gallic acid permitted the preparation of stable nanoparticles with milder experimental conditions (1 min, room temperature) and provided the most uniform coatings (thickness ∼3 μm). Seven organochlorine pesticides were determined in different environmental waters using gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Despite the low thickness of the coatings, limits of detection of the entire method down to 0.13 μg/L were obtained. A comparison with the commercial polyacrylate in terms of the partition coefficients of the analytes to the coatings gave logarithm of the partition coefficient values two times higher with gallic acid than polyacrylate (although the commercial fiber is 28 times thicker). Interfiber relative standard deviation values ranged from 8.67 to 21.3%. Optimum fibers also presented an adequate lifetime (>100 extractions).