Multiple omics analysis reveals the regulation of SIRT5 on mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism during the differentiation of bovine preadipocytes

• Published in: Genomics (San Diego, Calif.) Vol. 116; no. 1; p. 110773
• Main Authors: Hong, Jieyun, Raza, Sayed Haidar Abbas, Ma, Hongming, Cao, Weina, Chong, Yuqing, Wu, Jiao, Xi, Dongmei, Deng, Weidong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.01.2024
• Subjects: Bovine; Lipid metabolism; Mitochondrial function; Multiple omics analysis; Preadipocyte differentiation; SIRT5; PS; DGKA; DP; GM3; MTBE; NF-κB; nuDNA; RNA-seq; SCP2; shRNA; FBS; KEGG; AOX1; qPCR; Lipid metabolism; SDLs; HSL; CPT1A; IMF; IBMX; SIRT5; ELOVL6; MAPK; Multiple omics analysis; ER; PCA; PEtOH; Cer; ALDH1A1; ROS; AMPK; TFAM; NUPR1; FA; ATRA; SLC29A1; HBMP; PLPP3; FC; LPC; Bcl-2; RT; SUCNR1; PGC1α; LRP1; mtDNA; ATGL; MRM; β-actin; NRF1; LPS; PLD2; AGPAT4; DRP1; PDGFRα; DEGs; Mitochondrial function; ANOVA; APOD; SM; SREBP1; PCK1; DGTS; DME/F-12; S100A10; CE; HMDB; Bovine; TCA cycle; CAV1; LPCAT; MBOAT1; CL; IGF1; DAG; Acar; ESR1; SDMs; PA; Preadipocyte differentiation; FABP4; PC; PE; DEX; PG; PI; CLA; PTX3; CHPT1; TAG; VIP; LPIN1; ATP
• ISSN: 0888-7543; 1089-8646; 1089-8646
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110773

Preadipocyte differentiation represents a critical stage in adipogenesis, with mitochondria playing an undeniable pivotal role. Given the intricate interplay between transcription and metabolic signaling during adipogenesis, the regulation of sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) on mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism was revealed via multiple omics analysis. The findings suggest that SIRT5 plays a crucial role in promoting mitochondrial biosynthesis and maintaining mitochondrial function during preadipocyte differentiation. Moreover, SIRT5 modulates the metabolic levels of numerous bioactive substances by extensively regulating genes expression associated with differentiation, energy metabolism, lipid synthesis, and mitochondrial function. Finally, SIRT5 was found to suppress triacylglycerols (TAG) accumulation while enhancing the proportion and diversity of unsaturated fatty acids, and providing conditions for the expansion and stability of membrane structure during mitochondrial biosynthesis through numerous gene regulations. Our findings provide a foundation for the identification of crucial functional genes, signaling pathways, and metabolic substances associated with adipose tissue differentiation and metabolism. •Preadipocyte differentiation constitutes a pivotal stage in the adipogenesis process.•Regulation of mitochondrial biosynthesis and function is crucial for lipid metabolism.•SIRT5 promotes mitochondrial biogenesis during bovine preadipocyte differentiation.•SIRT5 modulates the metabolic levels of bioactive substances by regulating genes expression.•SIRT5 suppress TAG accumulation while enhancing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids.