Chemical-Physical Treatment for Production of Cellulose Nanofiber from Kenaf Bast Fiber

• Published in: Journal of natural fibers Vol. 19; no. 12; pp. 4403 - 4414
• Main Authors: Sulaiman, Safwan, Sahat, Nur Shakira, Omar, Farah Nadia, Mokhtar, Mohd Noriznan, Naim, Mohd Nazli, Baharuddin, Azhari Samsu, Salleh, Mohamad Amran Mohd
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Abingdon Taylor & Francis 02.12.2022; Taylor & Francis Ltd; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: bleached pulp fiber; Bleaching; Cellulose; Cellulose fibers; Cellulose nanofiber (CNF); Chemical treatment; chemical-physical treatment; delignification; Fibrils; Hemicellulose; Kenaf; kenaf bast fiber; Lignin; Nanofibers; Thermal stability; ultrasonication; Vegetable fibers; Vibration; 关键词; 化学物理处理; 洋麻韧皮纤维; 漂白纸浆纤维; 纤维素纳米纤维 (CNF); 脱木素; 超声
• ISSN: 1544-0478; 1544-046X
• DOI: 10.1080/15440478.2020.1863288

This paper presents the isolation of kenaf bast fiber to produce cellulose nanofiber (CNF) using chemical-physical treatment (e.g. delignification, bleaching and ultrasonication). Raw bast fiber was bleached and then subjected to high-intensity ultrasonication at four different output powers (100 W, 200 W, 400 W and 700 W). SEM and TEM analysis of treated bast fiber revealed that the morphological structure of CNF with diameter distribution in the range less than 100 nm (100 W) to 10 nm (700 W). Hemicellulose and lignin content were successfully reduced by chemical treatments, as there was increment of the cellulose content in the fiber more than 90% recorded. Higher ultrasonication output power attributes to the decreasing diameter size of CNF. This finding reflected that smaller CNF fibrils provide larger surface area per volume ratio. Larger stretching vibration of - OH group is detected as the higher composition of cellulose in CNF. CNF produced also had higher thermal stability than raw bast fiber after undergoes the chemical-physical treatment. Therefore, chemical-physical treatment did not only to attribute the success of deposition of lignin and hemicellulose, but also to increase the nano-sized fiber distribution in CNF suspension.