Vitamin A prevents high fat diet-induced ACF development and modifies the pattern of expression of peroxisome proliferator and retinoic acid receptor m-RNA

• Published in: Nutrition and cancer Vol. 48; no. 1; pp. 28 - 36
• Main Authors: Delage, B, Groubet, R, Pallet, V, Bairras, C, Higueret, P, Cassand, P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia, PA Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc 2004; Taylor& Francis
• Subjects: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; aberrant crypt foci; animal disease models; Animals; anticarcinogenic activity; Biological and medical sciences; Colon - metabolism; Colonic Neoplasms - chemically induced; Colonic Neoplasms - metabolism; Colonic Neoplasms - pathology; Colonic Neoplasms - prevention & control; colorectal neoplasms; cooking fats and oils; Dietary Fats - administration & dosage; Dietary Fats - adverse effects; Fatty Acids, Omega-6 - administration & dosage; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; gene expression regulation; high fat diet; Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism; Male; Medical sciences; messenger RNA; Metabolic diseases; molecular sequence data; Neoplasms, Experimental - chemically induced; Neoplasms, Experimental - metabolism; Neoplasms, Experimental - pathology; Neoplasms, Experimental - prevention & control; nucleotide sequences; peroxisome proliferator; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; Peroxisome Proliferators - metabolism; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; receptors; Receptors, Retinoic Acid - genetics; Receptors, Retinoic Acid - metabolism; retinoic acid; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; risk factors; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; safflower oil; Safflower Oil - administration & dosage; Safflower Oil - chemistry; Tumors; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; vitamin A; Vitamin A - metabolism; vitamin supplements; Visceral fat; Cancerology; Nutrition; RNA; Diet; Vitamin; Metabolic diseases; Retinoic acid; Peroxisome proliferator; Biological receptor
• ISSN: 0163-5581; 1532-7914
• DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc4801_5

Some dietary compounds, among them fats, are modulators of colon cancer risk. This study reports the modulating effects of n-6, with or without vitamin A, on promotion of colon preneoplasic lesions induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and on the expression of nuclear receptors (PPARγ, RXRα, and RARβ). One group of male Fisher rats was fed a basic diet (5% safflower oil) and two groups were fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 25% safflower oil). Of these, one was supplemented with 200 IU vitamin A for 5 mo. The safflower oil contained polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly linoleic acid (73%). The data showed an increasing effect of safflower oil-enriched diet on aberrant crypt foci occurrence and multiplicity. This effect was impaired by vitamin A supplementation. In addition, an HFD-related up-regulation of PPARγ and a concomitant down-regulation of RARβ mRNA expression were observed with or without chemical initiation and were prevented by vitamin A. Moreover, when treated with DMH, HFD rats exhibited a dramatically decreased expression of RXRα mRNA (-49%). It was hypothesized that HFD, leading to hyperexpression of PPARγ, would produce an alteration of retinoic acid signaling and, in this way, create a background modulating colon cancer risk.