The study of seepage forces acting on the tunnel lining and tunnel face in shallow tunnels

• Published in: Tunnelling and underground space technology Vol. 16; no. 1; pp. 31 - 40
• Main Authors: Lee, In-Mo, Nam, Seok-Woo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 2001; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Buildings. Public works; Exact sciences and technology; Face stability; Seepage force; Tunnel lining; Tunnels, galleries; Underwater tunnel; Underwater tunnel; Face stability; Seepage force; Tunnel lining; Dimensioning; Water infiltration; Project; Stability; Hydrostatic pressure; Working face; River tunnel; Tunnels
• ISSN: 0886-7798; 1878-4364
• DOI: 10.1016/S0886-7798(01)00028-1

In this paper, the seepage force problems arising from the flow of groundwater into a tunnel were studied. Firstly, the effect of seepage forces acting on the tunnel lining was studied for the case of shallow drainage-type tunnels and these results were compared with the lining stresses developed for waterproof-type tunnels. This model was then reviewed through a comparison with an actual case study of the Seoul Subway Line No. 5. Secondly, the effect of seepage forces on the tunnel face stability was studied. In this study, two factors were considered simultaneously. The first factor considered was the effective stresses acting on the tunnel face, calculated from the upper bound solution of limit analysis and the other factor was the seepage forces, calculated from a numerical analysis under a steady-state of groundwater flow conditions. Consequently, reasonable design concepts applicable to the design of tunnel lining and to the evaluation of the support pressure required for maintaining the stability of the tunnel face were suggested for underwater tunnels.