Heterogenous Grain Nucleation in Al-Si Alloys: Types of Nucleant Inoculation

• Published in: Metals (Basel ) Vol. 14; no. 3; p. 271
• Main Authors: Samuel, Ehab, Tahiri, Hicham, Samuel, Agnes M., Samuel, Fawzy H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.03.2024
• Subjects: Affinity; Alloys; Aluminum alloys; Aluminum base alloys; Aluminum industry; Boron; Grain refinement; grain refining; Grain size; Liquid metals; Master alloys; Morphology; Nucleation; Silicon; Solidification; Specialty metals industry; Sr modification; Sr-B interaction; Sr-Ti interaction; Strontium; Temperature; Titanium; undercooling; United Kingdom; Canada
• ISSN: 2075-4701; 2075-4701
• DOI: 10.3390/met14030271

The objective of the current work is to establish, on the one hand, the conventional mechanisms of grain refining and, on the other hand, the effect of the refining-modification interaction in Sr-modified Al-Si alloys on the achieved grain refining and the modification of eutectic silicon. For this purpose, the hypereutectic alloy A390.1 (~17%Si) was used. Various grain refiners were used, namely, Al-10%Ti, Al-5%Ti-1%B, and Al-4%B. After the preparation of the liquid metal, several concentrations of these master alloys were added to the liquid bath according to the desired objective. The different melts prepared were heated at 750 °C and cast in a preheated graphite mold with a solidification rate of around 0.8 °C/s. The liquid metal was. The presence of strontium (added in the form of Al-10%Sr master alloy) and boron completely affects the microstructure of the alloy. An atom of Sr unites with 6 atoms of B to form a compound whose stoichiometric formula is of the SrB6 type, leading to a significant reduction in the modification. A strong relationship exists between the addition of B and the recovery level of Sr. The affinity between titanium and boron is stronger than the affinity between boron and strontium. Both B and TiB2 phase particles do not react with Si; it is only the Ti part of the Al-Ti-B master that forms (Al, Si)3Ti. Regardless of the amount of Si content in the alloy, the Al-4%B master alloy achieves the best grain refining compared to Ti-containing master alloys.