Crosstalk between Macrophages and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulated by Biomaterials and Its Role in Bone Regeneration

Impaired bone healing caused by severe trauma, infection, and tumor resection is an extremely common phenomenon. Therefore, the treatment of bone defects represents a major clinical challenge worldwide. In such situations, the application of biomaterials is necessary for filling defects and promotin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAdvances in materials science and engineering Vol. 2021; no. 1
Main Authors Gong, Fan, Groth, Thomas, Tu, Chenlin, Zhao, Mingyan, Huang, Xinqia, Chu, Jiaqi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Hindawi 2021
Hindawi Limited
Wiley
Subjects
Biomedical materials
Bones
Crosstalk
Cytokines
Defects
Differentiation (biology)
Genotype & phenotype
Growth factors
Healing
Immune system
Inflammation
Inflammatory response
Injuries
Interfacial properties
Macrophages
Mineralization
Protein adsorption
Proteins
Recruitment
Regeneration (physiology)
Roles
Stem cells
Tissue engineering
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Summary:Impaired bone healing caused by severe trauma, infection, and tumor resection is an extremely common phenomenon. Therefore, the treatment of bone defects represents a major clinical challenge worldwide. In such situations, the application of biomaterials is necessary for filling defects and promoting bone regeneration. Bone repair biomaterials having osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties can act as an appropriate template for the formation of new bone and induce the osteogenic differentiation of preosteocytes and stem cells. Thus, the influence of biomaterials on the regulation of osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been widely studied. However, immune response is also critical in bone healing; macrophages play pivotal and dynamic roles in bone regeneration. The interfacial properties of biomaterials that affect the adsorption of proteins and the adhesion function of cells require great attention in the field of bone tissue engineering because they are related to the crosstalk with the immune and bone or stem cells. Thus, selection of biomaterials or specific surface coatings may reduce local undesirable inflammatory responses and promote bone regeneration. This review provides a detailed overview of bone regeneration mechanisms and the interaction between immune cells and MSCs. Moreover, the influence of biomaterials on the regulation of functions of MSCs and macrophages and the macrophage-related inflammatory response triggered by biomaterials and its specific role in osteogenesis are discussed.
ISSN:1687-8434
1687-8442
DOI:10.1155/2021/9954205