The Function of Click Call Emission in Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)

• Published in: Ethology Vol. 118; no. 10; pp. 1001 - 1009
• Main Authors: Nogueira, Selene S. C., Pedroza, Janine P., Nogueira-Filho, Sérgio L. G., Tokumaru, Rosana S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hamburg Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.10.2012
• Subjects: Animal behavior; Animal communication; Birds; Emissions; Foraging behavior; Head; Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris; Playback; Vocalization behavior
• ISSN: 0179-1613; 1439-0310
• DOI: 10.1111/eth.12001

Contact calls are used to promote cohesion among individuals that live in social groups. Capybaras are very gregarious and often vocalize. This species emits a vocalization known as a click, which has been observed during aggregating and foraging behaviors, suggesting contact or monitoring call function. We carried out a playback experiment to evaluate behavioral responses to the capybara's click call and to a bird call, used as control in ten capybaras. We compared animals' latency to respond to stimuli, the time spent in behavioral patterns, alertness, head orientation toward the sound source, and approach to the sound source. All capybaras responded to the emission of the click call playback. Most of them assumed an alert position, showed head orientation toward the sound source, and approached the sound source. They promptly reacted to the first click call emission, while few reacted to the first bird call emission, used as control. All subjects showed behavioral changes after the second emission of the click call, and some responded to the third emission. Just three individuals answered after the first control emission, while none of them responded to the second and third emission of the playback. Therefore, click call playback promotes prompt behavioral changes in capybaras, including approach to the sound source. These results indicate that this vocalization functions as a contact or monitoring call in the species.