Bilateral preretinal hemorrhage associated with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease

• Published in: American journal of ophthalmology case reports Vol. 22; p. 101041
• Main Authors: Akhavanrezayat, Amir, Cooper, Joseph D., Hassan, Muhammad, Pham, Brandon H., Nguyen, Quan Dong, Farr, Arman K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2021; Elsevier
• Subjects: Bilateral hemorrhage; Case Report; HIV Disease; Kikuchi-fujimoto disease; Retinal; Subhyaloid; Vitreous; Kikuchi-fujimoto disease; Bilateral hemorrhage; Vitreous; Subhyaloid; Retinal; HIV Disease
• ISSN: 2451-9936; 2451-9936
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2021.101041

To present a case of a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease and Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) who presented with a unique pattern of retinopathy. A 7-year-old Taiwanese girl with HIV disease who was recently diagnosed with KFD had a sudden onset of blurry vision in both eyes one month after her KFD systemic symptoms had relatively resolved. Ophthalmic examination showed decreased visual acuity in both eyes (OU). On fundus examination, she had bilateral preretinal, subhyaloid, and vitreous hemorrhage that was more severe than anemic retinopathy. Ocular manifestations in Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease are rare; however, if they occur, presentations may vary. The exact etiology of the disease has remained elusive and controversial. This case is the first report of a patient with HIV disease and KFD presenting with ocular involvement. Furthermore, bilateral preretinal, subhyaloid, and vitreous hemorrhage, which was beyond anemic retinopathy, is an unprecedented manifestation of KFD that has not been previously reported. This case highlights the necessity for clinicians to consider all possible differential diagnoses when evaluating patients with similar findings to identify the best therapeutic approach and avoid unnecessary treatment.