Phytochemical investigation on Vitex negundo leaves and their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities

• Published in: Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 58
• Main Authors: Nguyen, Tu Thanh Thi, Do, Phuong Thi, Pham, Anh Van Thi, Nguyen, Huong Giang Thi Tran, Nguyen, Lan Ngoc Thi, Nguyen, Trang Tuyet
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas 01.01.2022; Universidade de São Paulo
• Subjects: Analgesic; Anti-inflammatory; HPLC quantification; Iridoid; PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY; Vitex negundo; Iridoid; Analgesic; Anti-inflammatory; Vitex negundo; HPLC quantification
• ISSN: 2175-9790; 2175-9790
• DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19463

Abstract The phytochemical investigation on Vitex negundo leaves has led to the isolation of one new iridoid glucoside (8α-hydroxy-4-carboxyl-5βH-9βH-iridoid-1α-O-(6′-O-(6,7-dihydrofoliamenthonyl)-β-ᴅ-glucopyranoside, 3), together with three known compounds, namely agnuside (1), 6′-O-E-caffeoylmussaenosidic acid (2), and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4). The HPLC analytical study was also performed to quantify the content of agnuside (1) in dried leaves. The results indicated the very high content of 1 (3.04 ± 0.02%). The method was also validated by various parameters, including linearity (R2= 0.9999), precision (intra-day RSD ≤ 2.50%, inter-day RSD= 0.76%), and accuracy (recovery rates 96.58-101.86%). The animal testing data showed that the extract did not reduce pain at the doses of 9.6 and 28.8 g /kg (leaf weight/body weight) in the hot plates and pain measuring models but showed the pain reduction in the acetic acid-induced pain model. The extract at the dose of 5.6 g/kg (leaf weight/body weight) also had effects on the acute inflammation in the carrageenin-induced edema model. The extract at the dose 9.6 and 28.8 g/kg (leaf weight/body weight) also showed significant chronic anti-inflammation, comparable to methylprednisolone at the dose 10 mg/kg on the mouse peritoneal.