Dietary inclusion of detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal: effects on growth performance and metabolic efficiency in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L

• Published in: Fish physiology and biochemistry Vol. 36; no. 4; pp. 1159 - 1170
• Main Authors: Kumar, V., Makkar, H. P. S., Becker, K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.12.2010; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Amino acids; Amino Acids - analysis; Analysis of Variance; Animal Anatomy; Animal Biochemistry; Animal Feed - analysis; Animal Physiology; Animals; Aquaculture - methods; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Carp; Carps - growth & development; Cyprinus carpio; Diet; Drought; Drought resistance; Energy; Energy Metabolism - physiology; Feeds; Fish feeds; Food, Formulated; Freshwater; Freshwater & Marine Ecology; Histology; Jatropha - chemistry; Jatropha curcas; Lectins; Life Sciences; Metabolism; Morphology; Plant Oils - pharmacology; Plant Oils - toxicity; Proteins; Retention; Seeds; Seeds - chemistry; Soybeans; Tropical environments; Zoology; Germany; Energy budget; Common carp; Feed utilisation; Growth
• ISSN: 0920-1742; 1573-5168
• DOI: 10.1007/s10695-010-9394-7

Jatropha curcas is a multipurpose and drought-resistant shrub or small tree widespread all over the tropics and subtropics. Its seeds are rich in oil, and the Jatropha kernel meal obtained after oil extraction is rich in protein. However, presence of toxic and antinutritional constituents restricts its use in fish feed. Jatropha kernel meal was detoxified. Common carp, Cyprinus carpio , fingerlings (15; av. body mass 10.9 ± 0.65 g) were randomly distributed in three groups with five replicates. A 6-week feeding experiment was conducted in a respirometer system to evaluate the growth performance, nutrient utilisation and energy budget. Fish were fed isonitrogenous diets (38% crude protein): control diet ( C ontrol group) containing fish meal (FM) protein based protein and two other diets replacing 75% FM protein with detoxified Jatropha kernel meal (DJKM, J atropha group) and soybean meal (SBM, S oybean group). At the end of the experiment, body mass gain, metabolic growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, protein productive value, energy retention, efficiency of metabolised energy for growth and efficiency of energy retention were determined. These parameters were high and statistically similar for C ontrol and J atropha groups and significantly lower ( P  < 0.05) for S oybean group. Whereas a reverse trend was observed for energy expenditure per g protein retained in fish body. No significant differences were found in heat released, gross energy uptake, metabolised energy intake, metabolisability, energy expenditure, energy expenditure per g protein fed and apparently unmetabolised energy. Conclusively, common carp–fed plant protein (DJKM and SBM) and FM protein–based diets exhibited equal average metabolic rate.