Inorganic light‐emitting diode displays using micro‐transfer printing

• Published in: Journal of the Society for Information Display Vol. 25; no. 10; pp. 589 - 609
• Main Authors: Cok, Ronald S., Meitl, Matthew, Rotzoll, Robert, Melnik, George, Fecioru, Alin, Trindade, Antonio Jose, Raymond, Brook, Bonafede, Salvatore, Gomez, David, Moore, Tanya, Prevatte, Carl, Radauscher, Erich, Goodwin, Scott, Hines, Paul, Bower, Christopher A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Campbell Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.10.2017
• Subjects: active matrix; Aerospace technology transfer; Color; display; Displays; ILED; inorganic light‐emitting diode; LED; Light emitting diodes; light engine; Metallizing; micro‐LED; Organic light emitting diodes; passive matrix; Redundancy; redundant; Semiconductor materials; Spatial resolution; Substrates; Transfer printing
• ISSN: 1071-0922; 1938-3657
• DOI: 10.1002/jsid.610

Large quantities of microscopic red, green, and blue light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) made of crystalline inorganic semiconductor materials micro‐transfer printed in large quantities onto rigid or flexible substrates form monochrome and color displays having a wide range of sizes and interesting properties. Transfer‐printed micro‐LED displays promise excellent environmental robustness, brightness, spatial resolution, and efficiency. Passive‐matrix and active‐matrix inorganic LED displays were constructed, operated, and their attributes measured. Tests demonstrate that inorganic micro‐LED displays have outstanding color, viewing angle, and transparency. Yield improvement techniques include redundancy, physical repair, and electronic correction. Micro‐transfer printing enables revolutionary manufacturing strategies in which microscale LEDs are first assembled into miniaturized micro‐system “light engines,” and then micro‐transfer printed and interconnected directly to metallized large‐format panels. This paper reviews micro‐transfer printing technology for micro‐LED displays. Microscopic light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) made of crystalline inorganic semiconductor materials micro‐transfer printed in large quantities onto rigid or flexible substrates form monochrome and color displays having a wide range of sizes and interesting properties. Transfer‐printed micro‐LED displays promise excellent environmental robustness, brightness, spatial resolution, and efficiency. Passive‐matrix and active‐matrix inorganic LED displays were constructed, operated, and their attributes measured.