Intolerance of uncertainty predicts altered threat expectancy ratings during reinstatement

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychiatric disorders, and plays an important role in fear and threat learning under uncertainty. The ‘reinstatement of fear/threat’ is an understudied phenomenon thought to represent clinical symptom relapse. Reinstatement of cond...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of experimental psychopathology Vol. 13; no. 3
Main Authors Zuj, Daniel V, Dymond, Simon, Murray, Stuart B, Thomas, Shaima, Morriss, Jayne
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London, England SAGE Publications 01.04.2022
Sage Publications Ltd
SAGE Publishing
Subjects
Expectancy
Fear
Intolerance
Mental disorders
Reinstatement
Risk factors
return of fear
extinction
intolerance of uncertainty
reinstatement
conditioning
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Summary:Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychiatric disorders, and plays an important role in fear and threat learning under uncertainty. The ‘reinstatement of fear/threat’ is an understudied phenomenon thought to represent clinical symptom relapse. Reinstatement of conditioned responding can be captured in the laboratory by presenting unsignaled presentations of an aversive unconditional stimulus. The present study investigated IU as a predictor of reinstatement effects, such that individuals higher in IU, relative to lower IU, would show larger reinstatement. Sixty-two participants completed the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale and provided threat expectancy ratings (i.e. certainty of receiving a shock) during a differential threat conditioning and extinction paradigm with reinstatement. Findings suggested a differential increase in threat expectancy ratings to both the threat and safety cue following reinstatement, although this effect was small and did not survive follow-up tests. Nevertheless, IU was a significant predictor of reinstatement to the threat cue but not the safety cue, although this effect was not in the expected direction. Specifically, higher IU was associated with reduced threat expectancy ratings post-reinstatement. These findings provide support for the limited literature demonstrating an important role for IU in reinstatement effects and should be investigated further.
ISSN:2043-8087
2043-8087
DOI:10.1177/20438087221112330