Fungi, host immune response, and tumorigenesis

Advances in -omics analyses have tremendously enhanced our understanding of the role of the microbiome in human health and disease. Most research is focused on the bacteriome, but scientists have now realized the significance of the virome and microbial dysbiosis as well, particularly in noninfectio...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inAmerican journal of physiology: Gastrointestinal and liver physiology Vol. 321; no. 2; pp. G213 - G222
Main Authors Elaskandrany, Miar, Patel, Rohin, Patel, Mintoo, Miller, George, Saxena, Deepak, Saxena, Anjana
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Bethesda American Physiological Society 01.08.2021
SeriesMicrobiome-Based Therapeutics and Their Physiological Effects
Subjects
Adenocarcinoma
Cancer therapies
Complement component C3
Dysbacteriosis
Immune response
Immunotherapy
Mannose
Mannose-binding lectin
Microbiomes
Mini-Review
Scalp
Stroma
Tumor microenvironment
Tumorigenesis
Tumors
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Abstract Advances in -omics analyses have tremendously enhanced our understanding of the role of the microbiome in human health and disease. Most research is focused on the bacteriome, but scientists have now realized the significance of the virome and microbial dysbiosis as well, particularly in noninfectious diseases such as cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of mycobiome in tumorigenesis, with a dismal prognosis, and attention to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We also discuss bacterial and mycobial interactions to the host’s immune response that is prevalently responsible for resistance to cancer therapy, including immunotherapy. We reported that the Malassezia species associated with scalp and skin infections, colonize in human PDAC tumors and accelerate tumorigenesis via activating the C3 complement-mannose-binding lectin (MBL) pathway. PDAC tumors thrive in an immunosuppressive microenvironment with desmoplastic stroma and a dysbiotic microbiome. Host-microbiome interactions in the tumor milieu pose a significant threat in driving the indolent immune behavior of the tumor. Microbial intervention in multimodal cancer therapy is a promising novel approach to modify an immunotolerant (“cold”) tumor microenvironment to an immunocompetent (“hot”) milieu that is effective in eliminating tumorigenesis.
AbstractList Advances in -omics analyses have tremendously enhanced our understanding of the role of the microbiome in human health and disease. Most research is focused on the bacteriome, but scientists have now realized the significance of the virome and microbial dysbiosis as well, particularly in noninfectious diseases such as cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of mycobiome in tumorigenesis, with a dismal prognosis, and attention to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We also discuss bacterial and mycobial interactions to the host’s immune response that is prevalently responsible for resistance to cancer therapy, including immunotherapy. We reported that the Malassezia species associated with scalp and skin infections, colonize in human PDAC tumors and accelerate tumorigenesis via activating the C3 complement-mannose-binding lectin (MBL) pathway. PDAC tumors thrive in an immunosuppressive microenvironment with desmoplastic stroma and a dysbiotic microbiome. Host-microbiome interactions in the tumor milieu pose a significant threat in driving the indolent immune behavior of the tumor. Microbial intervention in multimodal cancer therapy is a promising novel approach to modify an immunotolerant (“cold”) tumor microenvironment to an immunocompetent (“hot”) milieu that is effective in eliminating tumorigenesis.
Advances in -omics analyses have tremendously enhanced our understanding of the role of the microbiome in human health and disease. Most research is focused on the bacteriome, but scientists have now realized the significance of the virome and microbial dysbiosis as well, particularly in noninfectious diseases such as cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of mycobiome in tumorigenesis, with a dismal prognosis, and attention to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We also discuss bacterial and mycobial interactions to the host’s immune response that is prevalently responsible for resistance to cancer therapy, including immunotherapy. We reported that the Malassezia species associated with scalp and skin infections, colonize in human PDAC tumors and accelerate tumorigenesis via activating the C3 complement-mannose-binding lectin (MBL) pathway. PDAC tumors thrive in an immunosuppressive microenvironment with desmoplastic stroma and a dysbiotic microbiome. Host-microbiome interactions in the tumor milieu pose a significant threat in driving the indolent immune behavior of the tumor. Microbial intervention in multimodal cancer therapy is a promising novel approach to modify an immunotolerant (“cold”) tumor microenvironment to an immunocompetent (“hot”) milieu that is effective in eliminating tumorigenesis.
Advances in -omics analyses have tremendously enhanced our understanding of the role of the microbiome in human health and disease. Most research is focused on the bacteriome, but scientists have now realized the significance of the virome and microbial dysbiosis as well, particularly in noninfectious diseases such as cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of mycobiome in tumorigenesis, with a dismal prognosis, and attention to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We also discuss bacterial and mycobial interactions to the host's immune response that is prevalently responsible for resistance to cancer therapy, including immunotherapy. We reported that the Malassezia species associated with scalp and skin infections, colonize in human PDAC tumors and accelerate tumorigenesis via activating the C3 complement-mannose-binding lectin (MBL) pathway. PDAC tumors thrive in an immunosuppressive microenvironment with desmoplastic stroma and a dysbiotic microbiome. Host-microbiome interactions in the tumor milieu pose a significant threat in driving the indolent immune behavior of the tumor. Microbial intervention in multimodal cancer therapy is a promising novel approach to modify an immunotolerant ("cold") tumor microenvironment to an immunocompetent ("hot") milieu that is effective in eliminating tumorigenesis.Advances in -omics analyses have tremendously enhanced our understanding of the role of the microbiome in human health and disease. Most research is focused on the bacteriome, but scientists have now realized the significance of the virome and microbial dysbiosis as well, particularly in noninfectious diseases such as cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of mycobiome in tumorigenesis, with a dismal prognosis, and attention to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We also discuss bacterial and mycobial interactions to the host's immune response that is prevalently responsible for resistance to cancer therapy, including immunotherapy. We reported that the Malassezia species associated with scalp and skin infections, colonize in human PDAC tumors and accelerate tumorigenesis via activating the C3 complement-mannose-binding lectin (MBL) pathway. PDAC tumors thrive in an immunosuppressive microenvironment with desmoplastic stroma and a dysbiotic microbiome. Host-microbiome interactions in the tumor milieu pose a significant threat in driving the indolent immune behavior of the tumor. Microbial intervention in multimodal cancer therapy is a promising novel approach to modify an immunotolerant ("cold") tumor microenvironment to an immunocompetent ("hot") milieu that is effective in eliminating tumorigenesis.
Author Saxena, Anjana
Patel, Rohin
Patel, Mintoo
Miller, George
Saxena, Deepak
Elaskandrany, Miar
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Miar
  surname: Elaskandrany
  fullname: Elaskandrany, Miar
  organization: Biology Department, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, New York, New York, Macaulay Honors Academy, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, New York, New York
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Rohin
  surname: Patel
  fullname: Patel, Rohin
  organization: Biology Department, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, New York, New York
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Mintoo
  surname: Patel
  fullname: Patel, Mintoo
  organization: Natural Sciences, South Florida State College, Avon Park, Florida
– sequence: 4
  givenname: George
  surname: Miller
  fullname: Miller, George
  organization: New York City Health & Hospitals (Woodhull), New York, New York
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Deepak
  surname: Saxena
  fullname: Saxena, Deepak
  organization: Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Anjana
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5506-5827
  surname: Saxena
  fullname: Saxena, Anjana
  organization: Biology Department, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, New York, New York, Biology and Biochemistry Programs, Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), New York, New York
BookMark eNp1kc1LxDAQxYOsuB9691jw4mG7TtKkbS6CLK4KC172HrJt2s3SJjVpBf97sx8ICp4GZn7vMTNvikbGGoXQLYYFxow8yH1X6wUAELYgQPAFmoQ2iTGj2QhNAPMkxjnLxmjq_T5wjGB8hcYJJQlOOJmgxWowtZ5HO-v7SLftYFTklO-s8WoeSVNG_dBap2tllNf-Gl1WsvHq5lxnaLN63ixf4_X7y9vyaR0XFHAfyyzLZFYwSSRPuIQEcgkclzQrOHBK83wLFGhZUp4ApJXKKK9yqWTJ0pxVyQw9nmy7YduqslCmd7IRndOtdF_CSi1-T4zeidp-ipxiwECDwf3ZwNmPQfletNoXqmmkUXbwgjDKCYQ3HNC7P-jeDs6E6wKV8pSHJ_JAwYkqnPXeqepnGQzikIU4ZiGOWYhDFkGS_pEUupe9toeVdfO_8BuzWY5i
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_3892_ol_2023_14128
crossref_primary_10_1002_imt2_170
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms232213750
crossref_primary_10_20473_jr_v10_I_3_2024_265_271
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_65730_w
crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers15123143
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccell_2023_08_012
crossref_primary_10_3390_nu13124425
crossref_primary_10_1080_07357907_2024_2301733
crossref_primary_10_1038_s43018_023_00602_2
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccell_2022_01_009
crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers15092629
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2022_09_013
Cites_doi 10.3390/cancers12082331
10.1053/j.gastro.2018.12.045
10.1155/2018/7946431
10.3892/or.2013.2410
10.3389/fcimb.2020.00112
10.1053/j.gastro.2017.06.004
10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0686
10.1080/21505594.2016.1247140
10.1111/imm.12046
10.1101/cshperspect.a019802
10.1016/j.ccell.2020.02.008
10.1016/j.chom.2020.04.018
10.6001/actamedica.v25i4.3929
10.1159/000488539
10.1016/j.semcancer.2014.04.004
10.1007/s00253-021-11264-4
10.1186/s12885-019-6115-1
10.1038/s41568-019-0155-3
10.1371/journal.ppat.1000713
10.3389/fimmu.2018.01878
10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109648
10.1016/j.cell.2019.07.008
10.3748/wjg.v21.i40.11450
10.1111/nmo.13891
10.1038/s41575-018-0011-z
10.2165/00003495-200161001-00001
10.1152/ajpgi.00118.2019
10.3390/jof7050324
10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-0094
10.1016/j.ccell.2018.03.015
10.3389/fimmu.2017.01909
10.1016/j.pan.2019.11.006
10.1371/journal.pone.0083744
10.18632/oncotarget.16717
10.18632/oncotarget.3109
10.1126/sciadv.aav6789
10.1371/journal.pone.0004834
10.1038/nature06244
10.1016/j.immuni.2018.08.018
10.1016/j.canlet.2013.08.016
10.1038/nrdp.2016.22
10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317178
10.1038/s41435-019-0071-2
10.1111/odi.12392
10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00397-2
10.1016/j.cyto.2011.08.031
10.1016/j.canlet.2015.12.020
10.1155/2015/284680
10.3892/ol.2020.11441
10.1371/journal.pone.0066019
10.1155/2011/267539
10.1155/2012/465717
10.1016/j.coviro.2019.06.003
10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.013
10.1097/MPA.0000000000000941
10.1038/nature13684
10.1126/science.aah5043
10.15252/embj.2020105320
10.1002/eji.201948322
10.3389/fimmu.2019.03070
10.1002/wsbm.1438
10.1038/s41586-019-1238-8
10.1053/j.gastro.2015.09.004
10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.048
10.1371/journal.ppat.1008353
10.1126/science.aay9189
10.1093/mmy/myx134
10.1016/j.immuni.2015.10.023
10.1038/nrgastro.2017.88
10.1128/CMR.00021-11
10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.082
10.1016/j.coviro.2019.05.007
10.1038/s41586-019-1608-2
10.1038/s41571-020-0363-5
10.1080/19490976.2017.1379637
10.1038/nature23910
10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.018
10.1158/2159-8290.CD-17-1134
10.3389/fphys.2019.01202
10.15171/mejdd.2018.126
10.1186/s12943-019-1117-9
10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.06.006
10.1038/nri.2017.55
10.1371/journal.pgen.1005614
10.1007/s11046-019-00413-z
10.1111/cas.13766
10.1186/s40168-017-0373-4
10.1126/sciimmunol.abb5168
10.7150/thno.55209
10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-2318
10.1016/j.trecan.2020.01.004
10.1053/j.gastro.2012.12.042
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright American Physiological Society Aug 2021
Copyright © 2021 the American Physiological Society. 2021 American Physiological Society
Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright American Physiological Society Aug 2021
– notice: Copyright © 2021 the American Physiological Society. 2021 American Physiological Society
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
K9.
7X8
5PM
DOI 10.1152/ajpgi.00025.2021
DatabaseName CrossRef
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList CrossRef
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)

MEDLINE - Academic
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
Anatomy & Physiology
DocumentTitleAlternate MYCOBIOME AND CANCER
EISSN 1522-1547
EndPage G222
ExternalDocumentID PMC8410104
10_1152_ajpgi_00025_2021
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: ; ;
  grantid: 63814-00 51
– fundername: ; ;
  grantid: W81XWH-19-1-0605
– fundername: ; ;
  grantid: CA206105
GroupedDBID ---
23M
2WC
39C
4.4
5GY
5VS
6J9
AAFWJ
AAYXX
ABJNI
ACPRK
ADBBV
AENEX
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
BAWUL
BKKCC
BKOMP
CITATION
E3Z
EBS
EMOBN
F5P
GX1
H13
ITBOX
KQ8
OK1
P2P
PQQKQ
RAP
RHI
RPL
RPRKH
TR2
W8F
WOQ
XSW
YSK
K9.
7X8
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c401t-a777a7c5a2a939a0308a091d47c9094488b0404dd493006fe749f8aead5685f3
ISSN 0193-1857
1522-1547
IngestDate Thu Aug 21 18:03:02 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 11 01:12:04 EDT 2025
Mon Jun 30 08:08:23 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 22:55:10 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 03:43:05 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 2
Language English
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c401t-a777a7c5a2a939a0308a091d47c9094488b0404dd493006fe749f8aead5685f3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ObjectType-Review-3
content type line 23
M. Elaskandrany and R. Patel contributed equally to this work.
ORCID 0000-0002-5506-5827
OpenAccessLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8410104
PMID 34231392
PQID 2569691939
PQPubID 48585
ParticipantIDs pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8410104
proquest_miscellaneous_2549203424
proquest_journals_2569691939
crossref_primary_10_1152_ajpgi_00025_2021
crossref_citationtrail_10_1152_ajpgi_00025_2021
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2021-08-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2021-08-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 08
  year: 2021
  text: 2021-08-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Bethesda
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Bethesda
– name: Rockville, MD
PublicationSeriesTitle Microbiome-Based Therapeutics and Their Physiological Effects
PublicationTitle American journal of physiology: Gastrointestinal and liver physiology
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher American Physiological Society
Publisher_xml – name: American Physiological Society
References B20
B64
B21
B65
B22
B66
B23
B67
B24
B68
B25
B69
B26
B27
B28
B29
CDC. (B42) 2019
B70
B71
B72
B73
B30
B74
B31
B75
B32
B76
B33
B77
B34
B78
B35
B79
B36
B37
B38
B39
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
B80
B81
B82
B83
B40
B84
B41
B85
B86
B43
B87
B44
B88
B45
B89
B46
B47
B48
B49
B90
B91
B92
B93
B50
B51
B52
B53
B10
B54
B11
B55
B12
B56
B13
B57
B14
B58
B15
B59
B16
B17
B18
B19
B60
B61
B62
B63
References_xml – ident: B66
  doi: 10.3390/cancers12082331
– ident: B2
  doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.12.045
– ident: B41
  doi: 10.1155/2018/7946431
– ident: B59
  doi: 10.3892/or.2013.2410
– ident: B25
  doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00112
– ident: B28
  doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.06.004
– ident: B76
  doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0686
– ident: B19
  doi: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1247140
– ident: B58
  doi: 10.1111/imm.12046
– ident: B43
  doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a019802
– ident: B87
  doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.02.008
– ident: B32
  doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.04.018
– ident: B37
  doi: 10.6001/actamedica.v25i4.3929
– ident: B23
  doi: 10.1159/000488539
– ident: B14
  doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2014.04.004
– ident: B30
  doi: 10.1007/s00253-021-11264-4
– ident: B71
  doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-6115-1
– ident: B11
  doi: 10.1038/s41568-019-0155-3
– ident: B18
  doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000713
– ident: B83
  doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01878
– ident: B27
  doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109648
– ident: B91
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.07.008
– ident: B15
  doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i40.11450
– ident: B29
  doi: 10.1111/nmo.13891
– ident: B40
  doi: 10.1038/s41575-018-0011-z
– ident: B44
  doi: 10.2165/00003495-200161001-00001
– ident: B6
  doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00118.2019
– ident: B31
  doi: 10.3390/jof7050324
– ident: B75
  doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-0094
– ident: B35
  doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.03.015
– ident: B61
  doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01909
– ident: B81
  doi: 10.1016/j.pan.2019.11.006
– ident: B69
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083744
– ident: B68
  doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.16717
– ident: B63
  doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.3109
– ident: B78
  doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aav6789
– ident: B86
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004834
– ident: B9
  doi: 10.1038/nature06244
– ident: B47
  doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.08.018
– ident: B65
  doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.08.016
– ident: B80
  doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.22
– ident: B46
  doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317178
– ident: B51
  doi: 10.1038/s41435-019-0071-2
– ident: B3
  doi: 10.1111/odi.12392
– ident: B24
  doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00397-2
– ident: B53
  doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.08.031
– ident: B84
  doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.12.020
– ident: B22
  doi: 10.1155/2015/284680
– ident: B8
  doi: 10.3892/ol.2020.11441
– ident: B20
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066019
– ident: B85
  doi: 10.1155/2011/267539
– ident: B45
  doi: 10.1155/2012/465717
– ident: B13
  doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.06.003
– ident: B88
  doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.013
– ident: B55
  doi: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000000941
– ident: B62
  doi: 10.1038/nature13684
– ident: B92
  doi: 10.1126/science.aah5043
– ident: B34
  doi: 10.15252/embj.2020105320
– ident: B89
  doi: 10.1002/eji.201948322
– ident: B72
  doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03070
– ident: B17
  doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1438
– ident: B7
  doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1238-8
– volume-title: Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States
  year: 2019
  ident: B42
– ident: B64
  doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.09.004
– ident: B36
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.048
– ident: B26
  doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008353
– ident: B93
  doi: 10.1126/science.aay9189
– ident: B49
  doi: 10.1093/mmy/myx134
– ident: B52
  doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.10.023
– ident: B10
  doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2017.88
– ident: B48
  doi: 10.1128/CMR.00021-11
– ident: B67
  doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.082
– ident: B4
  doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.05.007
– ident: B5
  doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1608-2
– ident: B79
  doi: 10.1038/s41571-020-0363-5
– ident: B70
  doi: 10.1080/19490976.2017.1379637
– ident: B38
  doi: 10.1038/nature23910
– ident: B39
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.018
– ident: B1
  doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-17-1134
– ident: B54
  doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01202
– ident: B60
  doi: 10.15171/mejdd.2018.126
– ident: B74
  doi: 10.1186/s12943-019-1117-9
– ident: B90
  doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.06.006
– ident: B16
  doi: 10.1038/nri.2017.55
– ident: B57
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005614
– ident: B50
  doi: 10.1007/s11046-019-00413-z
– ident: B56
  doi: 10.1111/cas.13766
– ident: B21
  doi: 10.1186/s40168-017-0373-4
– ident: B77
  doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abb5168
– ident: B33
  doi: 10.7150/thno.55209
– ident: B73
  doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-2318
– ident: B12
  doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.01.004
– ident: B82
  doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.12.042
SSID ssj0005211
Score 2.456143
SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet Advances in -omics analyses have tremendously enhanced our understanding of the role of the microbiome in human health and disease. Most research is focused on...
SourceID pubmedcentral
proquest
crossref
SourceType Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
StartPage G213
SubjectTerms Adenocarcinoma
Cancer therapies
Complement component C3
Dysbacteriosis
Immune response
Immunotherapy
Mannose
Mannose-binding lectin
Microbiomes
Mini-Review
Scalp
Stroma
Tumor microenvironment
Tumorigenesis
Tumors
Title Fungi, host immune response, and tumorigenesis
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/2569691939
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2549203424
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8410104
Volume 321
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3fb9MwELbKkKa9INhAFAYKEkJCW7rUcer4sUysE6ioSEXaW-S4Lgu0SbWmD-WfhzvbSROGEOwlqhKnTnyX-2F_95mQ10EsOQ2i2FcQbfhMy9SPdcB9HUJsGgSpSs3-KeNPg8sv7MNVdNXp_GygljZl2lM__lhXchepwjmQK1bJ_odk6z-FE_Ab5AtHkDAc_0nGF_ClmtV4LNU4ybDUA3dBMahXXeEyy80Sd79Cm5atm7FovVjTYI8wEx22gCUcnozkurwpkFECDEHuWAUWiORoNNyhP-T6OzQA57e1gHxZA38nENEuLJD7OstvnR1DF0VRy74uT7QT9tbwISHzGq5Z4qil9t-B_50hYqSqH7Ns01Oz8jGpHs_ooKVobs1w0H6NrysbRQXoElq3OlRrc25UhD5SW1nX5uw55NoQJfKmwQ9tTbbTbNow3yNqC2NdKDCitmb6tpuJkLZWflt9zZAAk0Y9fO5mUxDSamnUDikWIcymO4dbwyAn4_OY9TEjvkfuU8hz0FB__Bw3MEp9t6GmfbNqnT2iZ793fkD2q57aIdYub2qjfhth1PQheeDyH29olfkR6ej8kBwNc1kWy633xqtHf3tI9scO-HFEekbVTz1UdM8qulcp-qkHcvdaav6YTC_eT88vfbfVh68gwS99yTmXXEWSShEKiSRKEiLZGeNKBIKBl0nB27DZjIkQ_MRccybmsQQzGA3iaB4-IXt5keunxFOa876MlWBqwOKUQwCb4mSrgtA9jnXYJWfV4CTK0eDjbiyLxKTDEU3MyCZmZBMc2S55W9-xshQwf2l7XI134j7edQJZhRgIkKHoklf1ZTDjuDYnc11ssA0TFOk4WZfwlpzqPpEIvn0lz64NIbxTomd3vvM5Odh9eMdkr7zZ6BcQbJfpS6OQvwDJttpT
linkProvider Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fungi%2C+host+immune+response%2C+and+tumorigenesis&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+physiology%3A+Gastrointestinal+and+liver+physiology&rft.au=Elaskandrany%2C+Miar&rft.au=Patel%2C+Rohin&rft.au=Patel%2C+Mintoo&rft.au=Miller%2C+George&rft.series=Microbiome-Based+Therapeutics+and+Their+Physiological+Effects&rft.date=2021-08-01&rft.pub=American+Physiological+Society&rft.issn=0193-1857&rft.eissn=1522-1547&rft.volume=321&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=G213&rft.epage=G222&rft_id=info:doi/10.1152%2Fajpgi.00025.2021&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34231392&rft.externalDocID=PMC8410104
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0193-1857&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0193-1857&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0193-1857&client=summon