Differences in the Susceptibility of American White Shrimp Larval Substages (Litopenaeus vannamei) to Four Vibrio Species

• Published in: Journal of invertebrate pathology Vol. 78; no. 4; pp. 215 - 219
• Main Authors: Aguirre-Guzmán, Gabriel, Vázquez-Juárez, Ricardo, Ascencio, Felipe
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier Inc 01.11.2001; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animal aquaculture; Animal productions; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Crustacea; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Invertebrate aquaculture; Larva; larvae; Litopenaeus vannamei; pathogenicity; Penaeidae - microbiology; postlarvae; survival; V. harveyi; V. parahaemolyticus; V. penaeicida; Vibrio - physiology; Vibrio alginolyticus; pathogenicity; postlarvae; V. penaeicida; V. parahaemolyticus; survival; V. harveyi; larvae; Vibrio alginolyticus; Litopenaeus vannamei; Animal microorganism relation; Farming animal; Interspecific comparison; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Survival; Macrura; Crustacea; Marine environment; Pathogenicity; Sensitivity resistance; Larva; Vibrio harveyi; Arthropoda; Pathogen strain; Bacteria; Vibrionaceae; Developmental stage; Decapoda; Invertebrata; Aquaculture
• ISSN: 0022-2011; 1096-0805
• DOI: 10.1006/jipa.2001.5073

The rapid expansion of commercial culture of penaeid shrimp is threatened by Vibrio diseases affecting survival and growth. These opportunistic microorganisms are considered part of the normal ecosystem of penaeid shrimp and cause diseases only under conditions that favor them over the host. Shrimp larvae show different susceptibility to these pathogenic agents. In the present work, we report on a comparative study of the susceptibility of all American white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) larval substages to four potentially pathogenic Vibrio species (V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, and V. penaeicida). Strains of these bacterial species were used to infect nauplii, protozoea I–III, mysis I–III, and postlarvae 1 by immersion challenge at 103, 105, or 107 cfu mL−1 for 30 min. V. alginolyticus infection had no significant effect on survival rate, compared to control, in all shrimp larvae and at all doses tested. Shrimp larvae infected with V. alginolyticus showed a high survival rate compared to other Vibrio species at the three dose levels. V. penaeicida produced a significant mortality effect (P < 0.01) in all shrimp substages and only in postlarvae 1 at low infection dose (103 cfu mL−1). V. harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus induced significant mortality rates (P < 0.01) only at high doses in shrimp larvae. In summary, shrimp larvae demonstrated an age susceptibility that depends on the Vibrio species and dose level.