Prevalence and outcomes of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in hospitalized SARS-CoV-2-infected patients

• Published in: The Egyptian journal of otolaryngology Vol. 38; no. 1; pp. 1 - 9
• Main Authors: Mahmoud, Mohammad Salah, Taha, Mohamed Shehata, Mansour, Ossama Ibrahim, Amir, Mohamed, Hamdy, Tarek A., Ezzat, W. F., Mohamed, A. H., Rezk, Michael, Saleeb, Mina Fayez, Nassif, Mena Maher
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.12.2022; SpringerOpen
• Subjects: Gustatory dysfunctions; Hospitalized; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Olfactory dysfunctions; Original Article; Prevalence; Recovery; SARS-CoV-2; Surgery; Gustatory dysfunctions; SARS-CoV-2; Prevalence; Outcome; Hospitalized; Olfactory dysfunctions; Recovery
• ISSN: 1012-5574; 2090-8539
• DOI: 10.1186/s43163-022-00207-z

Background The prevalence of olfactory/gustatory dysfunctions among hospitalized SARS-CoV-2-infected patients is highly variable between different studies, ranging from 5.6% in the Asian population to 86% in the European population. The study aimed to detect the prevalence and the recovery of olfactory/gustatory dysfunctions in hospitalized SARS-CoV-2-infected patients in an Egyptian tertiary care center. A total of 579 hospitalized patients were enrolled. Demographic data as well as upper respiratory tract symptoms including olfactory/gustatory dysfunctions and other risk factors were documented. Then the recovery of olfactory/gustatory dysfunctions after 6 months was followed up. Results 50.6% had olfactory/gustatory dysfunctions (24.2% had a total smell and taste loss). A logistic regression analysis revealed a statistical significance between olfactory/gustatory dysfunctions and female gender and presence. Most patients (88.4%) reported partial or complete recovery during the 6 months (28.0% and 60.4%, respectively), while 11.6% of patients did not recover. The median time to start recovery was 3 days, and the median time to the best recovery was 22 days. Conclusions Olfactory/gustatory dysfunctions should be recognized for early detection of COVID-19 infection. Most recovery of olfactory/gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19 infection starts within 3 days and reaches the best recovery within 19 to 24 days. Female gender and the presence of general symptoms are associated with olfactory/gustatory dysfunctions in the hospitalized COVID-19 patients.