Brain development in children and adolescents: Insights from anatomical magnetic resonance imaging

Advances in neuroimaging have ushered in a new era of developmental neuroscience. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is particularly well suited for pediatric studies because it does not use ionizing radiation which enables safe longitudinal scans of healthy children. Key findings related to brain ana...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inNeuroscience and biobehavioral reviews Vol. 30; no. 6; pp. 718 - 729
Main Authors Lenroot, Rhoshel K., Giedd, Jay N.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Ltd 2006
Subjects
Adolescent
Animals
Brain
Brain - anatomy & histology
Brain - growth & development
Brain Mapping
Child
Child Development
Development
Humans
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MRI
National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.)
Pediatric
United States
United States
Development
Brain
MRI
Pediatric
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Summary:Advances in neuroimaging have ushered in a new era of developmental neuroscience. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is particularly well suited for pediatric studies because it does not use ionizing radiation which enables safe longitudinal scans of healthy children. Key findings related to brain anatomical changes during childhood and adolescent are increases in white matter volumes throughout the brain and regionally specific inverted U-shaped trajectories of gray matter volumes. Brain morphometric measures are highly variable across individuals and there is considerable overlap amongst groups of boys versus girls, typically developing versus neuropsychiatric populations, and young versus old. Studies are ongoing to explore the influences of genetic and environmental factors on developmental trajectories.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
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ISSN:0149-7634
1873-7528
DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.06.001