Stability analysis and numerical simulations of IVGTT glucose-insulin interaction models with two time delays

• Published in: Mathematical modelling and analysis Vol. 27; no. 3; pp. 383 - 407
• Main Authors: Saber, Sayed, Alalyani, Ahmad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Vilnius Vilnius Gediminas Technical University 01.09.2022
• Subjects: Analysis; Bifurcations; delay differential equation model; Dextrose; Differential equations; Glucose; Glucose tolerance tests; glucose-insulin regulatory system; Insulin; insulin secretion; Interaction models; Mathematical models; Numerical analysis; Response time; Simulation; Stability analysis; Time lag; ultradian oscillation; glucose-insulin regulatory system; delay differential equation model; insulin secretion; ultradian oscillation
• ISSN: 1392-6292; 1648-3510
• DOI: 10.3846/mma.2022.14007

This paper presents a systematic study of a mathematical model of glucose and insulin interaction with two time delays, with a focus on analytical studies, bifurcation analysis, and very well numerical simulations. This model based on the Intra-Venous Glucose Tolerance Test (IVGTT) and is presented with two time delays. One delay is the insulin response time to an increase in glucose concentration, and the hepatic glucose production time delay is the other. Then, we establish results on positivity, boundedness, and persistence. We also provide sufficient stability analysis conditions for both local and global asymptotic stability of the proposed models. For the latter, two different strategies are used: stability bifurcation analysis and Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals. We investigate different regions of parameter space using two approaches, that yield different sets of sufficient conditions for global stability. The bifurcation graphs generated from our extensive and carefully designed simulations complement and confirm these analytical results. The insulin concentration level peaks after the glucose concentration level, according to the numerical simulations.