Recent Advances in the Preparation and Performance of Porous Titanium-Based Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are among the most cost-effective and environmentally benign electrical energy storage devices required to match the needs of commercialized stationary and automotive applications. Because of its excellent chemical characteristics, infinite abundance, and low cost, the SI...

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Published inEnergies (Basel) Vol. 15; no. 24; p. 9495
Main Authors Balasankar, Athinarayanan, Arthiya, Sathya, Ramasundaram, Subramaniyan, Sumathi, Paramasivam, Arokiyaraj, Selvaraj, Oh, Taehwan, Aruchamy, Kanakaraj, Sriram, Ganesan, Kurkuri, Mahaveer
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.12.2022
Subjects
anode materials
Anodes
Batteries
Carbon
Commercialization
Efficiency
Electrode materials
Electrolytes
Electronic equipment
Energy minerals
Energy storage
Fossil fuels
Global warming
Graphite
hierarchically porous TiO2
Lattice strain
Lithium
Morphology
Porous materials
Portable equipment
Sodium
Sodium-ion batteries
Specific capacity
Ti nanomaterials
Titanium
titanium dioxide
India
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Summary:Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are among the most cost-effective and environmentally benign electrical energy storage devices required to match the needs of commercialized stationary and automotive applications. Because of its excellent chemical characteristics, infinite abundance, and low cost, the SIB is an excellent technology for grid energy storage compared with others. When used as anodes, titanium compounds based on the Ti4+/Ti3+ redox couple have a potential of typically 0.5–1.0 V, which is far from the potential of dangerous sodium plating (0.0–0.1 V). This ensures the operational safety of large-scale SIBs. Low lattice strain, usually associated with Ti-based materials, is also helpful for the longevity of the cycling of SIBs. Numerous Ti-based anode materials are being developed for use in SIBs. In particular, due to adequate electrode–electrolyte interaction and rapid charge transportation, hierarchical porous (HP) Ti-based anode materials were reported as having high specific capacity, current density, and cycling stability. HPTi-based anode materials for SIBs have the potential to be used in automobiles and portable, flexible, and wearable electronic devices. This review addresses recent developments in HPTiO2-based SIBs and their preparation, properties, performance, and challenges.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en15249495