Evidence of a Quasiperiodic Global-scale Oscillation in the Near-surface Shear Layer of the Sun

• Published in: Astrophysical journal. Letters Vol. 950; no. 2; p. L21
• Main Authors: Bogart, Richard S., Baldner, Charles S., Basu, Sarbani, Howe, Rachel, Rabello Soares, Maria Cristina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Austin The American Astronomical Society 01.06.2023; IOP Publishing
• Subjects: Annual variations; Anomalies; Axes of rotation; Helioseismology; Meridional flow; Oscillations; Shear layers; Solar activity; Solar convective zone; Solar differential rotation; Solar interior; Solar meridional circulation; Solar observatories; Solar rotation
• ISSN: 2041-8205; 2041-8213
• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/acd93f

Abstract We present evidence of hitherto undiscovered global-scale oscillations in the near-surface shear layer of the Sun. These oscillations are seen as large-scale variations of radial shear in both the zonal and meridional flows relative to their mean values. The variations cover all or most of a visible hemisphere, and reverse with a timescale on the order of a solar rotation. A large annual variation in the meridional shear anomaly is understandable in terms of the tilt of the rotation axis, but the rapid oscillations of the shear anomalies in both zonal and the meridional directions appear to be modulated in a more complex, not-quite-annual way, although the latter are also strongly modulated by the projected rotational axis angle. Small-scale anomalies in the neighborhood of active regions lend support to their solar origin and physical interpretation. These results were obtained by analyzing ring-diagram fits of low-order modes in high-resolution Doppler data from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on the Solar Dynamics Observatory.