Advancements in Microphysiological systems: Exploring organoids and organ-on-a-chip technologies in drug development -focus on pharmacokinetics related organs

• Published in: Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics Vol. 60; p. 101046
• Main Authors: Kimura, Hiroshi, Nishikawa, Masaki, Kutsuzawa, Naokata, Tokito, Fumiya, Kobayashi, Takuma, Kurniawan, Dhimas Agung, Shioda, Hiroki, Cao, Wenxin, Shinha, Kenta, Nakamura, Hiroko, Doi, Kotaro, Sakai, Yasuyuki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2025
• Subjects: Alternatives to animal testing; Animals; Drug development; Drug Development - methods; Drug Discovery - methods; Humans; Kidney - metabolism; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; Liver - metabolism; Microphysiological Systems; Organ-on-a-chip; Organoid; Organoids - metabolism; Pharmacokinetics; Organoid; Organ-on-a-chip; Microphysiological systems; Drug development; Alternatives to animal testing
• ISSN: 1347-4367; 1880-0920; 1880-0920
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2024.101046

This study explored the evolving landscape of Microphysiological Systems (MPS), with a focus on organoids and organ-on-a-chip (OoC) technologies, which are promising alternatives to animal testing in drug discovery. MPS technology offers in vitro models with high physiological relevance, simulating organ function for pharmacokinetic studies. Organoids composed of 3D cell aggregates and OoCs mimicking in vivo environments based on microfluidic platforms represent the forefront of MPS. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of their application in studying the gut, liver, and kidney and their challenges in becoming reliable alternatives to in vivo models. Although MPS technology is not yet fully comparable to in vivo systems, its continued development, aided by in silico, automation, and AI approaches, is anticipated to bring about further advancements. Collaboration across multiple disciplines and ongoing regulatory discussions will be crucial in driving MPS toward practical and ethical applications in biomedical research and drug development. Microphysiological Systems (MPS), including organoids and organ-on-a-chip technologies, offer promising alternatives to animal testing, driven by ethical, regulatory, and scientific motivations in drug discovery. [Display omitted]