Detection of Coxiella burnetii and Borrelia spp. DNA in Cutaneous Samples and in Household Dust in Rural Areas, Senegal

• Published in: Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) Vol. 21; no. 9; p. 659
• Main Authors: Diouf, Fatou Samba, Ndiaye, El Hadji Ibrahima, Hammoud, Alissa, Diamanka, Arfang, Bassene, Hubert, Ndiaye, Mady, Mediannikov, Oleg, Parola, Philippe, Raoult, Didier, Sokhna, Cheikh, Diatta, Georges
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.09.2021
• Subjects: Animals; Borrelia - genetics; Coxiella burnetii - genetics; DNA; Dust; Humans; Q Fever - veterinary; Senegal - epidemiology; Senegal; Borrelia spp; Domestic environment; Bacterial DNA; Coxiella burnetii; Cutaneous samples; Households dust
• ISSN: 1557-7759
• DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2020.2723

Q fever and tick-borne borreliosis are two zoonotic diseases rarely diagnosed in Senegalese health facilities, particularly in rural areas. Our study aims to better understand the circulation of and spp. DNA on human skin and the domestic environment in rural areas. Cutaneous swabs were taken from febrile patients being treated for borreliosis and/or Q fever, the members of patients' households and control households in the Niakhar area. Dust samples were also collected from 90 households where 54 cases of borreliosis and Q fever were reported as well as from the households of members of control populations in Dielmo, Ndiop, and Niakhar. and spp. DNA were detected by quantitative PCR in cutaneous swabs and dust samples targeting spacers IS _IS and Bor gene. Of 1365 persons tested, 76 were shown to carry , 13 spp., and 6 were identified as carrying both and spp. The prevalence of spp. DNA in households was 16.7% in Dielmo, 6.7% in Ndiop, and 23.3% in all other villages in the Niakhar area, and the presence of in the same localities was 10%, 13.3% and 66.7%, respectively. Furthermore, genotyping identified the presence of Multispacer Sequence Typing group 6. These results revealed for the first time the carriage on the skin of and spp. DNA in humans and its wide distribution across households. Our findings suggest that many populations are exposed to these diseases, with frequent contaminating cases of infectious origin arising from the domestic environment.