Occurrence, fate, sources and toxicity of PFAS: What we know so far in Florida and major gaps

• Published in: TrAC, Trends in analytical chemistry (Regular ed.) Vol. 130; p. 115976
• Main Authors: Cui, Danni, Li, Xuerong, Quinete, Natalia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.09.2020
• Subjects: AFFF; analytical chemistry; Drinking water; fire fighting; Florida; groundwater; Occurrence; perfluorocarbons; PFAS; pollution; Sources; surface water; Toxicity; wastewater treatment; Wildlife; Florida; Drinking water; Wildlife; Toxicity; AFFF; Florida; PFAS; Occurrence; Sources
• ISSN: 0165-9936; 1879-3142
• DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115976

Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that have been the subject of several investigations worldwide due to their persistence and significant adverse health effects to humans and animals. In Florida, high PFAS levels have been detected in the ground water, surface water, soils and sediments near military bases, airports, and firefighting training facilities. Recently, a drinking water assessment conducted by the EWG has identified Miami, Florida as the U.S city with the third highest levels of PFAS among 44 locations assessed. This critical review presents a summary of the recent literature, databases, and investigations of PFAS contamination in Florida, focusing on PFAS occurrence, major sources and treatment methods. The major PFAS sources identified are divided into the usage of aqueous film forming foams (AFFF), landfills, and wastewater treatment plants. Despite the lack of comprehensive studies in Florida, toxicity concerns are also discussed. Major knowledge gaps and future research needs are considered. [Display omitted] •This is the first review to summarize PFAS contamination in Florida.•High PFAS levels were found in drinking water, groundwater, sediments and wildlife.•AFFF is one of the major sources of PFAS in Florida.•There is significant knowledge gap on legacy and emerging PFAS in Florida.•Public awareness regarding the risks of PFAS exposure is warranted in Florida.