Prognostic value of nodal ratios in node-positive breast cancer: a compiled update

• Published in: Future oncology (London, England) Vol. 5; no. 10; pp. 1585 - 1603
• Main Authors: Vinh-Hung, Vincent, Nguyen, Nam P, Cserni, Gáábor, Truong, Pauline, Woodward, Wendy, Verkooijen, Helena M, Promish, Donald, Ueno, Naoto T, Tai, Patricia, Nieto, Yago, Joseph, Sue, Janni, Wolfgang, Vicini, Frank, Royce, Melanie, Storme, Guy, Wallace, Anne-Marie, Vlastos, Georges, Bouchardy, Christine, Hortobagyi, Gabriel N
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Future Medicine Ltd 01.12.2009
• Subjects: Biopsy; Breast cancer; Breast Neoplasms - pathology; Cancer cells; Care and treatment; comparability; Female; Humans; INRWG; International Nodal Ratio Working Group; lymph node; Lymphatic Metastasis - pathology; Neoplasm Staging - methods; overdispersion; Physiological aspects; Prognosis; staging; Hungary; United States; Switzerland
• ISSN: 1479-6694; 1744-8301
• DOI: 10.2217/fon.09.129

The number of positive axillary nodes is a strong prognostic factor in breast cancer, but is affected by variability in nodal staging technique yielding varying numbers of excised nodes. The nodal ratio of positive to excised nodes is an alternative that could address this variability. Our 2006 review found that the nodal ratio consistently outperformed the number of positive nodes, providing strong arguments for the use of nodal ratios in breast cancer staging and management. New evidence has continued to accrue confirming the prognostic significance of nodal ratios in various worldwide population settings. This review provides an updated summary of available data, and discusses the potential application of the nodal ratio to breast cancer staging and prognostication, its role in the context of modern surgical techniques such as sentinel node biopsy, and its potential correlations with new biologic markers such as circulating tumor cells and breast cancer stem cells.