Distinguishing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy-Associated Mutations from Background Genetic Noise

• Published in: Journal of cardiovascular translational research Vol. 7; no. 3; pp. 347 - 361
• Main Authors: Kapplinger, Jamie D., Landstrom, Andrew P., Bos, J. Martijn, Salisbury, Benjamin A., Callis, Thomas E., Ackerman, Michael J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston Springer US 01.04.2014
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; Biomedicine; Cardiology; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic - diagnosis; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic - genetics; Female; Genetic Testing - methods; Genomics - methods; Human Genetics; Humans; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Genetic; Sarcomeres - genetics; Sequence Analysis, DNA - methods; Young Adult; Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; Diagnosis; Mutation; Genetic test; Polymorphism
• ISSN: 1937-5387; 1937-5395; 1937-5395
• DOI: 10.1007/s12265-014-9542-z

Despite the significant progress that has been made in identifying disease-associated mutations, the utility of the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) genetic test is limited by a lack of understanding of the background genetic variation inherent to these sarcomeric genes in seemingly healthy subjects. This study represents the first comprehensive analysis of genetic variation in 427 ostensibly healthy individuals for the HCM genetic test using the “gold standard” Sanger sequencing method validating the background rate identified in the publically available exomes. While mutations are clearly overrepresented in disease, a background rate as high as ∼5 % among healthy individuals prevents diagnostic certainty. To this end, we have identified a number of estimated predictive value-based associations including gene-specific, topology, and conservation methods generating an algorithm aiding in the probabilistic interpretation of an HCM genetic test.