Role of PON1, SOD2, OGG1, XRCC1, and XRCC4 polymorphisms on modulation of DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides

• Published in: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Vol. 159; pp. 164 - 171
• Main Authors: Kahl, Vivian F. Silva, da Silva, Fernanda Rabaioli, Alves, Jodel da Silva, da Silva, Gabrieli Flesch, Picinini, Juliana, Dhillon, Varinderpal Singh, Fenech, Michael, de Souza, Melissa Rosa, Dias, Johnny F., de Souza, Claudia Telles, Salvador, Mirian, Branco, Cátia dos Santos, Thiesen, Flávia Valadão, Simon, Daniel, da Silva, Juliana
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Inc 15.09.2018
• Subjects: Adult; Aryldialkylphosphatase - genetics; Buccal micronucleus; Comet Assay; DNA Damage; DNA Glycosylases - genetics; DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics; Farmers; Female; Genetic polymorphisms; Genotype; Humans; Male; Micronucleus Tests; Middle Aged; Nicotiana; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects; Oxidative stress; Pesticides - toxicity; Polymorphism, Genetic; Superoxide Dismutase - genetics; Telomere length; Tobacco farmers; X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1 - genetics; Oxidative stress; Tobacco farmers; Telomere length; Buccal micronucleus; Comet assay; Genetic polymorphisms
• ISSN: 0147-6513; 1090-2414; 1090-2414
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.052

Tobacco farming has been proving to induce poor health outcomes in agricultural workers, genomic instability being the triggering one. This study evaluated influence of PON1 (paraoxonase 1), SOD2 (superoxide dismutase), OGG1 (8-oxoguanine glycosylase), XRCC1 (X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1), and XRCC4 (X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 4) genes polymorphisms on DNA damage in 121 subjects occupationally exposed to pesticides mixtures and nicotine at tobacco fields and 121 non-exposed individuals. Inorganic elements (Cl, P, S and Zn) and cotinine levels were found increased in farmers, confirming exposure. Results show higher frequencies of buccal micronucleus (MN), nuclear buds (NBUD), binucleated cells (BN) and damage index (comet assay), reduced telomere length (TL), and increased parameters of oxidative stress in farmers compared to non-exposed individuals. PON1 Gln/Gln genotype was associated with increased MN frequency. SOD2 Val/Val showed association with increased frequency of MN and NBUD and decreased antioxidant activity. The XRCC1 Arg/Arg showed protective effect for MN, BN and TL, which was also positively influenced by OGG1 -/Cys. MN was decreased in XRCC4 -/Ile farmers. These genotypes also showed a risk for antioxidant activity. Our study proposes that PON1 and SOD2 variants play a role in xenobiotic-metabolizing system in farmers, while base excision repair (BER) pathway could be the repair mechanism involved in genomic instability suffered by tobacco farmers. •Occupational exposure to pesticides in tobacco fields increased genomic instability.•Cotinine and inorganic elements were found elevated for farmers.•PON1 and SOD2 had a susceptible effect on MN and NBUD frequencies and TEAC levels.•OGG1 and XRCC1 had a “protective” effect on MN and BN frequencies and TL.•BER pathway is an important mechanism involved in tobacco farming exposure.