Transcatheter aortic valve implantation outcomes in patients with low flow low gradient aortic stenosis

Some studies suggest that patients with low flow low gradient (LF-LG) aortic stenosis (AS) may achieve worse results after undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). To compare outcomes between LF-LG AS and high gradient (HG) AS patients submitted to TAVI. Inclusion of 480 consecutiv...

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Published inRevista portuguesa de cardiologia Vol. 41; no. 8; pp. 621 - 631
Main Authors Castelo, Alexandra, Grazina, André, Mendonça, Tiago, Rodrigues, Inês, Brás, Pedro Garcia, Ferreira, Vera Vaz, Ramos, Rúben, Fiarresga, António, Cacela, Duarte, Ferreira, Rui Cruz
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier España, S.L.U 01.08.2022
Elsevier
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Summary:Some studies suggest that patients with low flow low gradient (LF-LG) aortic stenosis (AS) may achieve worse results after undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). To compare outcomes between LF-LG AS and high gradient (HG) AS patients submitted to TAVI. Inclusion of 480 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI between 2008 and 2020 at a single tertiary center. Patients were divided into high gradient AS and LF-LG AS; and baseline characteristics and outcomes after the procedure were collected and compared between groups. Patients with LF-LG AS had worse baseline characteristics, with higher Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (p=0.008), New Euroscore II (p<0.0001), and NT pro-natriuretic peptide B (p=0.001), more frequent left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% (p<0.0001), coronary artery disease (p<0.0001), including previous myocardial infarction (p=0.002) and coronary artery bypass graft (p<0.0001), poor vascular accesses (p=0.026) and periprocedural angioplasty (p=0.038). In a multivariate analysis, adjusted to differences in baseline characteristics, LF-LG AS was associated with worse functional class at one year (p=0.023) and in the long-term (p=0.004) and with heart failure hospitalizations at one year and in the long-term (p=0.001 and p<0.0001). In a sub-analysis including only patients with LF-LG AS, those with LVEF <40% had the worst outcomes, with more global (p=0.035) and cardiovascular (p=0.038) mortality. Patients with LF-LG AS have worse short and long-term outcomes, even when adjusted for baseline characteristic differences. The sub-group of patients with LVEF <40% have the most ominous global outcomes. Estudos sugerem que doentes com estenose aórtica (EA) com baixo fluxo-baixo gradiente (BF-BG) têm piores resultados após implantação de válvula aórtica percutânea (VAP). Comparar resultados entre doentes com EA com BF-BG e gradiente elevado (GE) submetidos a VAP. Foram incluídos 480 doentes submetidos a VAP entre 2008 e 2020 num centro terciário. Os doentes foram divididos em EA BF-BG e GE e as características basais e os resultados após o procedimento foram comparados entre grupos. Doentes com EA BF-BG têm piores características basais, com valores mais elevados de STS score (p=0,008), New Euroscore II (p<0,0001), e NT pro-BNP (p=0,001), mais frequentemente fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE) <40% (p<0,0001), doença coronária (p<0,0001), incluindo enfarte do miocárdio (p=0,002) e cirurgia de revascularização (p<0,0001), maus acessos vasculares (p=0,026) e angioplastia coronária periprocedimento (p=0,038). Em análise multivariável, ajustando as diferenças nas características basais, a EA BF-BG associou-se a pior capacidade funcional a um ano (p=0,023) e longo prazo (p=0m004) e com hospitalização por insuficiência cardíaca (IC) a um ano e longo prazo (p=0,001 e p<0,0001). Numa subanálise incluindo apenas os doentes com EA BF-BG, aqueles com FEVE<40% tiveram os piores resultados, com mais mortalidade global (p=0,035) e cardiovascular (p=0,038). Os doentes com EA BF-BG têm piores resultados em curto e longo prazo, mesmo quando ajustado para as diferenças nas características basais. O subgrupo de doentes com FEVE < 40% tem os piores resultados globais.
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ISSN:0870-2551
2174-2030
DOI:10.1016/j.repc.2022.03.002