Lipid emulsion attenuates apoptosis induced by a toxic dose of bupivacaine in H9c2 rat cardiomyoblast cells

• Published in: Human & experimental toxicology Vol. 35; no. 9; pp. 929 - 937
• Main Authors: Ok, S-H, Yu, J, Lee, Y, Cho, H, Shin, I-W, Sohn, J-T
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01.09.2016; Sage Publications Ltd
• Subjects: Anesthetics, Local - administration & dosage; Anesthetics, Local - toxicity; Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; Assaying; Attenuation; Biotechnology; Bupivacaine; Bupivacaine - administration & dosage; Bupivacaine - toxicity; Cardiotoxicity - prevention & control; Caspase; Caspase-3; Caspase-8; Cell Line; Cell lines; Cell Survival - drug effects; DNA nucleotidylexotransferase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Emulsions; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; In vitro methods and tests; Lipids; Lipids - administration & dosage; Lipids - chemistry; Lipids - pharmacology; Myoblasts, Cardiac - drug effects; Myoblasts, Cardiac - pathology; Rats; Rodents; Studies; Western blotting; apoptosis; Lipid emulsion; bupivacaine; mepivacaine; H9c2 cells
• ISSN: 0960-3271; 1477-0903
• DOI: 10.1177/0960327115608930

The goal of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of lipid emulsion on apoptosis induced by a toxic dose of bupivacaine (BPV) in H9c2 rat cardiomyoblast cell lines. The effect of lipid emulsion on the decreased cell viability and count induced by BPV or mepivacaine (MPV) in the H9c2 cells was assessed using an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay or a cell count assay. The effect of BPV or lipid emulsion combined with BPV on cleaved caspase 3, caspase 8, and Bax in H9c2 cells was investigated using Western blotting. A terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay was performed to detect apoptosis of H9c2 cells treated with BPV alone or lipid emulsion combined with BPV. The magnitude of lipid emulsion-mediated attenuation of decreased cell viability induced by BPV was higher than that of lipid emulsion-mediated attenuation of decreased cell viability induced by MPV. Lipid emulsion attenuated the increases in cleaved caspase 3, caspase 8 and Bax induced by BPV. Lipid emulsion attenuated the increases in TUNEL-positive cells induced by BPV. These results suggest that lipid emulsion attenuates a toxic dose of BPV-induced apoptosis via inhibition of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. The protective effect of lipid emulsion may be partially associated with the relatively high lipid solubility of BPV.