Differential Diagnosis between Child Abuse and Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Child abuse is a major public health problem that can lead to critical consequences for the child and family. However, early identification of abuse may be difficult. An 8-month-old boy presented with extensive periosteal reaction in both upper and lower long bones. There was no specific history of...

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Published inInternational journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 18; no. 22; p. 12269
Main Authors Lee, Du-Yeon, Kim, Woo-Jong, Kim, Byungsung, Nho, Jae-Hwi, Hong, Chang-Hwa, Lee, Sang-Mi, Yoo, Ik-Dong, Lee, Changeui, Jung, Ki-Jin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 22.11.2021
MDPI
Subjects
Alkaline phosphatase
Babies
Bone diseases
Bones
C-reactive protein
Case Report
Case reports
Child abuse & neglect
Children
Children & youth
Cornea
Criminal investigations
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Disease
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Erythrocytes
Fever
Fractures
Injuries
Laboratories
Literature reviews
Medical screening
Metabolic disorders
Public health
Trauma
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Summary:Child abuse is a major public health problem that can lead to critical consequences for the child and family. However, early identification of abuse may be difficult. An 8-month-old boy presented with extensive periosteal reaction in both upper and lower long bones. There was no specific history of injury. Caffey disease was initially considered as the diagnosis because the patient displayed fever and hyperostosis of multiple bones with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates and C-reactive protein and alkaline phosphatase levels. However, we suspected child abuse based on the clinical and radiological features. We eventually found out that the child had been injured through child abuse and were able to treat him. We report this case because child abuse cases may be confused with Caffey disease. This case report can, therefore, help distinguish between Caffey disease and child abuse.
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SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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These authors contributed equally to this study and should be considered co-first authors.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph182212269