Antenatal Determinants of Long-Term Kidney Outcome in Boys with Posterior Urethral Valves

• Published in: Fetal diagnosis and therapy Vol. 39; no. 3; p. 214
• Main Authors: Matsell, Douglas G, Yu, Simon, Morrison, Sarah Jane
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland 01.04.2016
• Subjects: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Disease-Free Survival; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Kidney - diagnostic imaging; Kidney - physiopathology; Kidney Failure, Chronic - epidemiology; Kidney Failure, Chronic - etiology; Kidney Failure, Chronic - pathology; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Regression Analysis; Retrospective Studies; Urethra - abnormalities; Urethra - surgery; Urethral Obstruction - complications; Urethral Obstruction - diagnostic imaging; Urethral Obstruction - surgery; Urinary Incontinence - complications; Urinary Incontinence - epidemiology; Urinary Tract Infections - complications; Urinary Tract Infections - epidemiology
• ISSN: 1421-9964
• DOI: 10.1159/000439302

Posterior urethral valves (PUV) are the most important cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in young boys. The objective of this report was to define the antenatal determinants of long-term postnatal renal outcome in this condition. This was a retrospective cohort analysis. The primary outcome was the development of ESRD defined as starting dialysis or receiving a preemptive kidney transplant. Eighty-two cases of PUV were identified, with 17 (21%) developing ESRD at 6.1 ± 7.1 years. Cases developing ESRD were more likely diagnosed antenatally (41 vs. 19%, p = 0.05), had a younger gestational age (35.5 ± 3.4 weeks vs. 37.3 ± 2.1 weeks, p = 0.02), and on antenatal ultrasound scan were more likely to have oligohydramnios (60 vs. 26%, p = 0.02), renal cortical cysts (47 vs. 17%, p = 0.02), and the combination of oligohydramnios, renal cortical cysts, and increased renal echogenicity (47 vs. 9%, p = 0.002). In boys with PUV, decreased gestational age, oligohydramnios, renal cysts, and the combination of oligohydramnios, cortical cysts, and echogenic kidneys were associated with ESRD, while the combination was an independent predictor of poor long-term postnatal kidney function.