Flavonoid composition of lemon-yellow sorghum genotypes

• Published in: Food chemistry Vol. 128; no. 1; pp. 173 - 179
• Main Authors: Dykes, Linda, Peterson, Gary C., Rooney, William L., Rooney, Lloyd W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2011; Elsevier
• Subjects: 3-Deoxyanthocyanidins; Biological and medical sciences; Cereal and baking product industries; Flavanones; Flavones; Flavonoids; Food industries; Fruit and vegetable industries; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Sorghum; Flavanones; Sorghum; Flavonoids; Flavones; 3-Deoxyanthocyanidins; Monocotyledones; Fruit; Citrus fruit; Genotype; Lemon; Flavonoid; Polyphenol; Gramineae; Yellow; Angiospermae; Cereal; Spermatophyta; Chemical composition; Sorghum (food)
• ISSN: 0308-8146; 1873-7072
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.03.020

► 3-Deoxythocyanidins and flavones are present in lemon-yellow sorghums. ► Secondary plant colour affects 3-deoxyanthocyanidin and flavones levels. ► Flavones are highest in lemon-yellow sorghums. ► Lemon-yellow sorghums have high levels of flavanones which are located in the pericarp. ► Flavanone levels are highest in sorghums with a bright yellow pericarp and minimal weathering. Flavonoid composition of lemon-yellow sorghums grown in two locations in Texas, USA was evaluated and compared with that of white and red sorghums using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-PDA). Sorghums from Lubbock were brighter in colour and had minimal weathering compared to those from College Station. Sorghums with red/purple secondary plant colour had the highest levels of 3-deoxyanthocyanidins (8–187μg/g) and their levels were highest in grains from College Station (39–187μg/g). Pericarp colour did not have any effect on 3-deoxyanthocyanidin levels (p>0.05). The tan plant lemon-yellow sorghum Tx2953 had the highest levels of flavones (268–362μg/g). Among the genotypes, lemon-yellow sorghums had the highest levels of flavanones (134–1780μg/g), which are located in the pericarp and their levels were increased in the grains with a bright yellow pericarp and minimal weathering. The high flavanone levels in lemon-yellow sorghums makes this sorghum genotype a good source of those compounds.