Antioxidant activity stimulated by ultraviolet radiation in the nervous system of a crustacean

• Published in: Aquatic toxicology Vol. 160; pp. 151 - 162
• Main Authors: Hollmann, Gabriela, Ferreira, Gabrielle de Jesus, Geihs, Márcio Alberto, Vargas, Marcelo Alves, Nery, Luiz Eduardo Maia, Leitão, Álvaro, Linden, Rafael, Allodi, Silvana
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.03.2015
• Subjects: Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - radiation effects; Brachyura - radiation effects; Central Nervous System; Crustacean; Decapoda; Enzyme Activation - drug effects; Lipid Peroxidation - radiation effects; Nervous System - radiation effects; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Oxidoreductases - metabolism; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Sunlight; Ucides cordatus; Ultraviolet radiation; Ultraviolet Rays; Oxidative stress; Ultraviolet radiation; Central Nervous System; Crustacean; Apoptosis
• ISSN: 0166-445X; 1879-1514
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.01.008

[Display omitted] •Ultraviolet (UV) radiation produces biological damage, principally oxidative stress.•We analyzed oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS) of a crab.•The damage was evaluated using biochemical tests and immunohistochemistry.•We verified the occurrence of apoptosis in the brain of the UV-exposed crabs.•Environmental doses of UV can cause oxidative damage to CNS, including apoptosis. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can produce biological damage, principally oxidative stress, by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study evaluated biochemical impairments related to the oxidative stress induced by UVA, UVB and UVA+UVB (solar simulator-SIM) in environmental doses, during five consecutive days of exposure, in the brain and eyestalk of the crab Ucides cordatus. We evaluated these regions by sampling on the 1st, 3rd and 5th days of UV exposure for lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidant capacity against the peroxyl radical (ACAP), and the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). Immunohistochemical and immunoblotting assays were performed for anti-activated-caspase 3 in the brains. After the first day of exposure, LPO increased in the eyestalks and brains of the UV-exposed animals; ACAP, and CAT, GPX and GST activities also increased in the brains. On the third day, the LPO values in the eyestalk remained high in the UV-exposed groups, while ACAP decreased in the brain and eyestalk and CAT activity remained high in all irradiated groups in both regions. On the fifth day, LPO decreased in the eyestalk and brain of the UV-exposed groups. These results may have been a consequence of the antioxidant defense system (ADS) activity, since CAT activity was high in both regions, ACAP was high in the eyestalks of the SIM group, and GPX activity remained high in the eyestalks of the UVA and UVB groups. Immunohistochemical assays and immunoblotting showed that there was apoptosis in the brains of the UV-exposed crabs. In conclusion, environmental doses of UV can cause oxidative damage to the CNS cells, including apoptosis.